AP Bio Chapter 13 Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images [1]
| 97043113 | heredity | continually of biological traits from 1 generation to the next | |
| 97043114 | variation | inherited difference among individuals of the same species | |
| 97043115 | genetics | scientific study of heredity | |
| 97043116 | gene | unit of heredity; located on chromosomes; programs cells to produce specific proteins | |
| 97043117 | asexual reproduction | all genes passed on from one parent, produces genetically identical offspring | |
| 97043118 | clone | a group of genetically identical cells or organisms derived from a single cell or individual by some kind of asexual reproduction | |
| 97043119 | sexual reproduction | 2 parents used, both genes used from both parents, or a combination; has a unique combo of genes | |
| 97043120 | life cycle | the course of developmental changes in an organism from fertilized zygote to maturity when another zygote can be produced | |
| 97043121 | somatic cell | body cells | |
| 97043122 | karyotype | picture of chromosomes; somatic cell metaphase chromosomes | |
| 97043123 | homologous chromosomes | same size and centromeres position, same gene loci | |
| 97043124 | sex chromosomes | determines sex of the individual; xx or xy | |
| 97043125 | autosome | non sex chromosomes; different sizes and centromere location | |
| 97043126 | haploid cell | half set of chromosomes; gametes | |
| 97043127 | fertilization | union of 2 gametes to produce a zygote | |
| 97043128 | syngamy | The process of cellular union during fertilization | |
| 97043129 | zygote | diploid cell that results from fertilization | |
| 97043130 | diploid cells | full set of chromosomes; somatic cell | |
| 97043131 | meiosis | Cell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually reproducing organisms | |
| 97043132 | meiosis I | The first division of a two-stage process of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that results in cells with half the chromosome number of the original cell | |
| 97043133 | meiosis II | the second phase of meiosis consisting of chromatids separating, along with the two diploid cells splitting in two | |
| 97043134 | synapsis | the pairing of homologous chromosomes during meiosis | |
| 97043135 | tetrad | structure containing 4 chromatids that forms during meiosis | |
| 97043136 | chiasma | an intersection or crossing of two tracts in the form of the letter X | |
| 97043137 | crossing over | process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis |