AP Government: Chapter 2 - The Constitution Flashcards

9941545	Unalienable	a human right based on nature or God
9941546	Articles of Confederation	a weak Constitution that governed America during the Revolutionary war
9941547	Constitutional Convention	meeting in Philadelphia in 1787 that produced a new Constitution
9941548	Virginia Plan	proposal to create a strong national government
9941549	New Jersey Plan	proposal to create a weak national government
9941550	Great Connecticut Compromise	plan to have a popularly elected House based on State population and a state selected Senate, with two members for each State
9941551	Republic	a government in which elected representatives make the decisions
9941552	Judicial Review	the power of the courts to declare laws unconstitutional
9941553	Federalism	government authority shared by National and State governments
9941554	Separation of Powers	constitutional authority is shared by three different branches of government
9941555	Faction	a group with a distinct political interest
9941556	Federalists	those who favor a stronger National government
9941557	Anti-Federalists	those who favor a weaker National government
9941558	Coalition	an alliance of factions
9941559	Writ of Habeas Corpus	an order to produce an arrested person before a judge
9941560	Bill of Attainder	a law that declares a person or group of people, without a trial, to be convicted of a crime
9941561	Ex Post Facto Law	a law that makes an act criminal although the act was legal when it was committed
9941562	3/5ths Rule	in determining representation, each state was to have in the House, "three-fifths of all other persons" (slaves) are to be added to the "whole number of free persons".
9941563	Line-item Veto	an executive's ability to block a particular provision in a bill passed by the legislature