Macromolecules Quiz Flashcards

19094536	Monomer	The simple starting material or single unit from which a polymer is built. It refers to the repeat units that make up the polymer chains. A molecule that may react chemically to another molecule of the same type to form a larger molecule.
19094537	Polymer	Compound made of several repeating units (monomers). A molecule composed of repeated subunits. Several smaller, similar units in a chain to create a larger molecule with new properties.
19094538	4 Macromolecules	Protein, carbohydrate, nucleic acid, lipid
19094539	What are the monomers that make up proteins?	amino acids
19094540	What are the monomers that make up carbohydrates?	monosaccharides, simple sugars
19094541	What are the monomers that make up nucleic acids?	nucleotides
19094542	Why are lipids not considered polymers?	Polymer = Several smaller, similar units in a chain to create a larger molecule with new properties. Lipids = have no single sub-unit
19094543	Recognize the four macromolecules based on structural diagrams	Protein - CCN backbone, lipid - three chains (triglycerol), polysaccharide - multi rings connected, disaccharide - two carb rings connected
19094544	What is the difference between mono, di, and polysaccharides?	mono = one simple sugar, di = two saccharides covalently linked, poly = sequence of monosaccharide and disaccharide units to make is longer/bigger
19094545	What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated acids (fats)?	sat - solid at room temp, not essential, harder to digest, carbon atoms have a single bond between them and as many hydrogen atoms as possible are bonded to the carbon atoms, unsat - liquid at room temp, contains a carbon-carbon double bond
19094546	What is the role of the dehydration synthesis in building up polymers?	an H from one carbohydrate and an OH from another are taken out. They form water. The two carbohydrates are then joined together by a bond called a glycosidic linkage. you build while taking water out
19094547	What is the role of hydrolysis in breaking down polymers?	opposite of dehydration synthesis. add water to break down a molecule.
19094548	How does Benedict's solution work and what does it test for? What does a positive result look like?	mix with food and heat. test of monosaccharides (simple sugars, glucose), light blue in color, turns to green, yellow/orange, or even red when heated in the presence of simple sugars
19094549	How does Biuret work and what does it test for? What does a positive result look like?	shake with test food. protein indicator, light blue in color, changes to violet or purple (very light violet to deep purple)
19094550	How does Lugol's Iodine work and what does it test for? What does a positive result look like?	mix with test food. test for starch, yellow or light brown in color, positive it turns dark purple or even black
19094551	How does Sudan III work and what does it test for? What does a positive result look like?	mix with test food. test for lipids, changes to orange red
19109908	Proteins are polymers. TF	True
19109909	Glucose is a polysaccharide. TF	False
19109910	Lugol's Iodine indicates the presence of sugar. TF	False
19109911	There are 20 different amino acids. TF	True
19109912	Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins are good sources of energy. TF	False
19109913	A monounsaturated fat only has one double bond. TF	True
19109914	Saturated fats are liquid at room temperature. TF	False
19109915	Hydrolysis is the chemical reaction that helps build up polymers.	False
19109916	Since water is a polar molecule, why do lipids not dissolve in water?	Lipids are nonpolar.