Biology Chapter 8 Flashcards

Biology Chapter 8 Words

229783194	Autotroph	Organisms such as plants which make their own food.
229783195	Heterotrophs	Organisms such as animals that cannot use the sun's energy directly. They obtain energy from the foods they consume.
229783196	Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)	A principal chemical compound that cells use to store and release energy.
229783197	Photosynthesis	A process where plants use the energy of sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into high-energy carbohydrates-- sugars and starches -- and oxygen, a waste product.
229783198	Pigment	Light-absorbing molecules that plants use to gather the sun's energy.
229783199	Chlorophyll	The plants' principal pigment. Two main types of chlorophyll: chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b.
229783200	Thylakoids	Saclike photosynthetic membranes that are in chloroplasts.
229783201	Photosystems	Proteins in the thylakoid membrane organize chlorophyll and other pigments into clusters, which are known as these.
229783202	Stroma	The place where the Calvin cycle takes place, which is the region outside the thylakoid membranes.
229783203	NADP+ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate)	A carrier molecule that is a compound known as this. It accepts and holds 2 high-energy electrons along with a hydrogen ion (H+) which converts the NADP+ into NADPH
229783204	Light-dependent reactions	These reactions require light. They use energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH.
229783205	ATP synthase	The cell membrane contains this protein that spans the membrane and allows H+ ions to pass through it.
229783206	Calvin Cycle	When plants use the energy that ATP and NADPH contain to build high-energy compounds that can be stored for a long time.