APUSH U5: Jeffersonian Era Flashcards

1800-1815

492790170	Election of 1800	This election, in which Jefferson (Dem-Rep) defeated Adams (Federalist) is known as "the Revolution of 1800" because it was the first transfer of power between rival political parties
492790171	Marbury v. Madison	In this 1803 Supreme Court case Federalist Chief Justice Marshall established the power of judicial review (the power of federal courts to interpret constitution); angers states' rights Democratic-Republican Party
492790172	Lousiana Purchase	In this transaction in 1803, Jefferson bought the Louisiana Territory from France for $15 million (Napoleon needed the cash!). Jefferson worried about constitutionality but too good a deal to pass up.
492790173	Lewis & Clark	These intrepid explorers were the first Americans to cross the American continent, reaching Oregon coast in 1805.
492790174	Chesapeake-Leopard Affair	This naval confrontation between Britain and America in 1807 was over the issue of impressment and American efforts to remain neutral in the Napoleonic Wars. Caused anger against British leading up to War of 1812
492790175	Embargo Act	This was Jefferson's first policy (in 1807) to maintain neutrality in the Napoleonic Wars; it banned all trade with Europe and was incredibly unpopular
492790176	Non-Intercourse Act	This was Jefferson's second policy (in 1809) to maintain neutrality in the Napoleonic Wars; it repealed the Embargo Act and only banned trade with French and the British (unenforceable)
492790177	Macon's Bill No. 2	This was Madison's first (and only) policy in 1809 to maintain neutrality in the Napoleonic Wars. It amended the Non-Intercourse Act by promising to resume trade with either Britain or France if they would respect American neutrality
492790178	War Hawks	These were militant politicians (Henry Clay, John C. Calhoun) who lobbied for war against the British before the War of 1812. Motivated by hatred of Federalists and desire for land (looking to annex Canada, expand westward)
492790179	War of 1812	Causes of this war include (1) impressment & interference with shipping, (2) desire for western expansion, and (3) Dem-Rep dislike of the British. It was strongly opposed by Federalists. Also known as the 2nd War of Independence.
492790180	Hartford Convention	This Federalist Party meeting in 1814 to oppose the War of 1812 included talk of NE secession. It was a major cause of the death of the Federalist Party
492790181	Tecumseh	This Shawnee chief fought against the United States expansion into the Midwest. He led a failed attempt to form independent United States of American Indians, and was killed during the War of 1812.
492790182	Treaty of Ghent	This peace treaty ended the War of 1812; It restored the status quo ante but psychological victory for Americans (2nd War of Independence)
492790183	Battle of New Orleans	This was the last major battle of War of 1812 (actually fought after peace treaty signed in Europe). It was a huge victory for Americans and turned General Andrew Jackson into national hero (and eventually president)