Bacteria & Archaea Flashcards

335721689	Prokaryote	Single celled organism having a cell wall, a single chromosome of circular DNA, ribosomes, and a cytoplasm.
335721690	binary fission	The four-step process by which prokaryotes reproduce.
335721691	Eubacteria	One of the six kingdoms consisting of bacteria.
335721692	Archaebacteria	One of the six kingdoms consisting of archaea.
335721693	Bacilli	rod-shaped bacteria that have a large surface area which helps absorb nutirents. They can also dry out easily.
335721694	Cocci	spherical-shaped bacteria that are more resistant to drying out than bacilli
335721695	Spirilla	spiral-shaped bacteria that can move easily in a corkscrew manner using flagella at both ends. The least common shape of bacteria.
335721696	consumer bacteria	bacteria that obtain nutrients from other organisms
335721697	decomposer bacteria	recycling bacteria which feed on dead organic material breaking it down to release nutrients for other organisms.
335721698	parasite bacteria	bacteria that invade the body of another organism to obtain food. Parasites damage their host.
335721699	Six kingdoms	Protista Plantae Fungi Animalia Eubacteria Archaebacteria
335721700	What three abilities do prokaryotes have that allow them to live independently?	they undergo cellular respiration they reproduce the move around
335721701	What method do bacteria use to reproduce?	binary fission
335721702	What are the four stages of binary fission?	cell grows DNA replicates & attaches to cell membrane cell grows larger & the 2 copies of DNA move away from each other cell splits into 2 exact copies
335721703	What environment to most bacteria thrive in?	warm and moist
335721704	Some bacteria can survive unfavorable conditions by forming what?	a thick, protective membrane.
335721705	Bacteria that survive unfavorable conditions by forming a thick, protective membrane are called what?	endospore bacteria
335721706	Some bacteria move around using what structure?	a flegellum
335721707	Just like eukaryotic plant and fungus cells, what structure do bacteria have that give them shape & help protect them?	a cell wall
335721708	Eubacteria that are producers contain what chemical?	chlorophyll
335721709	What type of bacteria live mostly in water and are producers?	cyanobacteria
335721710	What is lacking in the environments where archaebacteria live?	oxygen
335721711	What are the specific places where archaebacteria have been found?	Deep beneath the snow in Antarctica, hot springs of Yellowstone National Park, miles below the earth's surface, Dead Sea, heat vents on the ocean floor, in swamps
335721712	Why is it helpful to store food in the refrigerator or freezer?	Because the cold slows down reproduction of bacteria
335721713	What characteristic of bacilli bacteria is both a help and a hindrance?	They have a large surface area, so they can take in more nutrients, but are more likely to dry out quickly.
335721714	What characteristic of cocci bacteria is helpful?	Their surface area makes them less likely to dry out.
335721715	What characteristic of spririlla is helpful?	Their corkscrew shape helps them move easily.
335721716	In what ways are archaea different from bacteria?	Their cell walls are chemically different, they do not take in organic materials, not all have a cell wall.