Zumdahl Chemistry test - Ch 1 & 2 Flashcards
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| 448978203 | mega (M) | 10^6 | |
| 448978204 | kilo (k) | 10^3 | |
| 448978205 | hecto (h) | 10^2 | |
| 448978206 | deka (da) | 10^1 | |
| 448978207 | deci (d) | 10^-1 | |
| 448978208 | centi (c) | 10^-2 | |
| 448978209 | milli (m) | 10^-3 | |
| 448978210 | nano (n) | 10^-9 | |
| 448978211 | pico (p) | 10^-12 | |
| 448978212 | 1 cm^3 | 1 mL | |
| 448978213 | mass | a measure of the resistance of an object to a change in its state of motion; deals with matter, a balence, kg, and is fixed | |
| 448978214 | weight | the response of mass to gravity; deals with gravity, a scale, N or lbs, and is not fixed | |
| 448978215 | dimensional analysis | the best way to convert a given result from one system of units to another | |
| 448978216 | temperature (K) = | temperature (Celsius) + 273.15 | |
| 448978217 | temperature (F) = | temperature (Celsius) (9/5) + 32 degrees fahrenheit | |
| 448978218 | density | a property of matter that is often used by chemists as an "identification tag" for a substance; mass over volume | |
| 448978219 | matter | anything that takes up space and has mass | |
| 448978220 | solid | fixed volume and shape | |
| 448978221 | liquid | definite volume but no specific shape | |
| 448978222 | gas | no fixed volume or shape | |
| 448978223 | mixtures | variable composition | |
| 448978224 | homogeneous | visibly indistinguishable parts | |
| 448978225 | heterogeneous | having visibly distinguishable parts; solution i.e. air, wine, brass, | |
| 448978226 | pure substance | one with constant composition | |
| 448978227 | physical change | a change in the form of a substance not chemically; used to separate a mixture into pure compounds, but it will not break compounds into elements | |
| 448978228 | distillation | a process that depends on differences in the volatility of the components | |
| 448978229 | law | a summary of observed, measurable behavior | |
| 448978230 | theory | explanation | |
| 448978231 | chemical change | change in which a given substance becomes a new substance with different properties and compositions | |
| 448978232 | filtration | particle size | |
| 448978233 | law of definite proportions | a given compound always contains exactly the same proportion of elements by mass | |
| 448978234 | law of multiple proportions | when two elements form a series of compounds, the ratios of the masses of the second element that combine with 1 gram of the first element can always be reduced to small whole numbers | |
| 448978235 | Avogadro's hypothesis | @ the same temp and pressure equal volumes of diff gases contain the same number of particles | |
| 448978236 | J.J. Thomson | charge to mass ration of e- | |
| 448978237 | charge to mass ration of e- | e/m = -1.76 x 10^8 C/g | |
| 448978238 | Rob Millikan | verified J.J.'s work, via his experiment - mass of e- | |
| 448978239 | mass of e- | me- = 9.11x10^-31 kg | |
| 448978240 | Ernest Rutherford | gold foil - nucleus and positive charges | |
| 448978241 | proton | have a positive charge equal in magnitude to the electron's negative charge | |
| 448978242 | neutrons | same mass a proton, but no charge | |
| 448978243 | atomic number (Z) | number of protons; bottom | |
| 448978244 | mass number (A) | the total numbe of protons and neutrons; top | |
| 448978245 | alkali metals | Group 1A; are very active elements that readily form ions with a 1+ charge when they react with nonmetals | |
| 448978246 | alkaline earth metals | Group 2A: form ions with a 2+ charge when react with nonmetals | |
| 448978247 | halogens | Group 7A form diatomic molecules | |
| 448978248 | Nobel gases | Group 8A; under normal conditions as monatomic gases and have little chemical reactivity | |
| 448978249 | binary ionic compounds | contain a positive ion and a negative ion | |
| 448978250 | binary covalent compounds | formed between two nonmetals and do not contain ions | |
| 449187189 | Hg v2 ^2+ | mercury (I) | |
| 449187190 | NH4+ | ammonium | |
| 449187191 | NO2- | nitrite | |
| 449187192 | NO3- | nitrate | |
| 449187193 | SO3^2- | sulfite | |
| 449187194 | SO4^2- | sulfate | |
| 449187195 | HSO4- | hydrogen sulfate | |
| 449187196 | HSO4- | bisulfate | |
| 449187197 | OH- | hydroxide | |
| 449187198 | CN- | cyanide | |
| 449187199 | PO4^3- | phosphate | |
| 449187200 | HPO4^2- | hydrogen phosphate | |
| 449187201 | H2PO4- | dihydrogen phosphate | |
| 449187202 | NCS- | thiocyanate | |
| 449187203 | CO3^2- | carbonate | |
| 449187204 | HCO3- | hydrogen carbonate | |
| 449187205 | HCO3- | bicarbonate | |
| 449187206 | ClO- | hypochlorite | |
| 449187207 | ClO2- | chlorite | |
| 449187208 | ClO3- | chlorate | |
| 449187209 | ClO4- | perchlorate | |
| 449187210 | C2H3O2 | acetate | |
| 449187211 | MnO4- | permanganate | |
| 449187212 | Cr2O7^2 | dichromate | |
| 449187213 | CrO4^2- | chromate | |
| 449187214 | O2^2- | peroxide | |
| 449187215 | C2O4^2- | oxalate |