unit 4 1750-1900 ap world history Flashcards

615687100	Age of Revolution	*1775 to 1848 change in government from absolutist monarchies to constitutionalist states and republics. also includes: the American Revolution, the Greek Rev the French Revolution, The Haitian Rev the Haitian Revolution, the revolt of the slaves in Latin America,
615687101	population revolution	1730 Huge growth in population in Western Europe before the Industrial Revolution * population of France increased 50 percent, England and Prussia 100 percent.
615687102	guillotine	a machine for beheading people, used as a means of execution during the French Revolution.
615687103	nationalism	love of country and willingness to sacrifice for it
615711996	conservatives	people who generally favor limited government and are cautious about change
615711997	Radicals	This group hated the king, wanted drastic and sweeping changes *advocated the use of violence in the name of the revolution
615711998	transformismo	political system in italy that allied conservatives and liberals in support of the status quo (existing condition)
615724108	social question	Issues relating to repressed classes in Western Europe during the Industrial Revolution, particularly workers and women
615724109	socialism	an economic system in which the government owns: * the basic means of production, * distributes the products and wages * provides social services such as health care and welfare
615724110	revisionism	Socialist thought that disagreed with Marx's formulation * believed that social and economic progress could be achieved through existing political institutions.
615724111	feminist movement	(1900)The struggle of women in the for equality: wanted equal pay for equal work wanted passage of an Equal Rights Amendment
615840509	mass leisure culture	Was later in the Industrial Revolution aspects included: * decreased time at work *new forms of leisure time like vacation trips and team sports.
615840510	romanticism	a movement in literature and art during the late 18th and early 19th centuries that celebrated nature rather than civilization
615840511	Louis XVI	(1774-1792) King of France * wouldn't grant reforms so led to the French Revolution * he and his queen (Marie Antoinette) were guillotined
615840512	Napoleon Bonaparte	(1769-1821)French general emperor of the French conqueredmuch of Europe, *placing his relatives in positions of power
615840513	Louis Pasteur	(1822-1881)French chemist and biologist whose discovery that fermentation is caused by microorganisms resulted in the process of pasteurization
615840514	Benjamin Disraeli	(1804-1881).He served in government in four decades Prime Minister of Great Britain 2 times, Helped in the creation of the modern Conservative Party
615840515	Count Camillo di Cavour	named prime minister of Italy by King Victor Emmanuel he led the northern troops to victory and unification of Italy
615840516	Otto Van Bismarck	Prime Minister of Prussia (largest state in Northern Germany) worked to establish peace in germany viewed France as his greatest threat
615840517	Karl Marx	(1818-1883) founder of modern communism. wrote the Communist Manifesto with Engels in 1848; wrote Das Kapital in 1867
615840518	Charles Darwin	English natural scientist who formulated a theory of evolution by natural selection (1809-1882)
615840519	Albert Einstein	German physicist who developed the theory of relativity: states that time, space, and mass are relative to each other and not fixed.
615840520	Sigmund Freud	Austrian neurologist known for his work on the unconscious mind Founder of psychoanalysis
615840521	Industrial Revolution	18th and 19th century where big social, economic, and technological change occurred in Great Britain. introduction of steam power (fueled primarily by coal) automated steam powered machinery in textile industry steam-powered ships, boats and railways
615840522	American Revolution	The war between Great Britain and its thirteen American colonies from 1775 to 1783 that led to the founding of the United States of America.
615840523	Declaration of the Rights of Man (check this)	(1789)Revolutionary document of the French Revolution. said that certain rights believed to be universal to all mankind. similar to American Declaration of Independence.
615840524	Congress of Vienna	Meeting of representatives of European monarchs called to reestablish the old order after the defeat of Napoleon I.
615840525	Greek Revolution	Rebellion in Greece against the Ottoman Empire in 1820; key step in gradually dismantling the Ottoman Empire in the Balkans.
615840526	Reform Bill of 1832	British legislation that extended the vote to most male members of the middle class.eliminated "rotten boroughs",
615840527	American Civil War	1861-1865: War between North (union states) and South (confederate states) over slavery and succeeding.
615840528	Triple Alliance	An alliance between : Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy in the years before WWI.
615840529	Triple Entente	An alliance between: Great Britain, France and Russia in the years before WWI.
615840530	Balkan nationalism	Movements to create independent nations within the Balkan possessions of the Ottoman Empire; eventually led to World War I.