AP Biology Campbell 8th edition- Chap. 13 Meiosis Flashcards
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| 606996459 | Heredity | the transmission of traits from one generation to the next is called inheritance (hint: heir) | |
| 606996460 | Variation | nonidentical similarities | |
| 606996461 | Genetics | the scientific study of heredity and hereditary variation | |
| 606996462 | Genes | coded information in the form of hereditary units | |
| 606996463 | the genetic program is written in the language of _______ (3 letters) | (the polymer of four different nucleotides) aka DNA | |
| 606996464 | gametes | reproductive cells that transmit genes from one generation to the next. | |
| 606996465 | asexual reproduction | a single individual is the sole parent and passes copies of all its genes to its offspring | |
| 606996466 | clone | a group of genetically identical individuals | |
| 606996467 | sexual reproduction | two parents give rise to offspring that have unique combinations of genes inherited from the two parents | |
| 606996468 | the generation to generation sequence in the reproductive history of an organism from conception to the production of its own offspring is the ________ (2 words) | life cycle | |
| 606996469 | what is this: chromosomes in pairs with the longest chromosomes first. | karyotype | |
| 606996470 | somatic cells | any cell other than the sex chromosomes (has 46 chromosomes) | |
| 606996471 | homologous chromosomes | 2 chromosomes composing a pair that have the same length, centromere position, and staining pattern | |
| 606996472 | homologous pair (female) | (XX) | |
| 606996473 | homologous pair (male) | (XY) | |
| 606996474 | sex chromosomes | the x and y chromosomes that determine an individual's sex | |
| 606996475 | autosomes | chromosomes that are not directly involved in determining the sex of an individual | |
| 606996476 | 2 chromosomes sets (2n) | diploid cell | |
| 606996477 | haploid | single chromosome set | |
| 606996478 | fertilization | the fusion of sperm and egg, culminating in fusion of their nuclei, producing a zygote | |
| 606996479 | zygote | fertilized egg | |
| 606996480 | germ cells | A special type of diploid cell that will divide by mitosis to produce replacements but also divide by meiosis to produce gametes. | |
| 606996482 | meiosis | the type of cell division reduces the number of sets of chromosomes from 2 to one in the gametes. | |
| 606996483 | alternation of generations | plants and some algae experience this second type of life cycle., (the alternation of two or more different forms in the life cycle of a plant or animal) | |
| 606996484 | sporophyte | the spore-producing individual or phase in the life cycle of a plant having alternation of generations | |
| 606996485 | spores | haploid reproductive cell | |
| 606996486 | gametophyte | a multicellular haploid stage | |
| 606996487 | these 2 divisions result in four daughter cells | Meiosis 1 and Meiosis 2 | |
| 606996488 | sister chromatid cohesion | 2 copies of ONE chromosome associated all along their lengths | |
| 606996489 | alleles | different forms of a gene | |
| 606996490 | synapsis | the side by side pairing of homologous maternal and paternal chromosomes at the start of meiosis | |
| 606996491 | crossing over | the interchange of sections between pairing homologous chromosomes during the prophase of meiosis | |
| 606996492 | chiasma | the X shaped region, the cross because sister chromatid cohesion that holds the sister chromatids together. | |
| 606996493 | is also called the reductional divison phase | Meiosis 1 | |
| 606996494 | equational divison | meiosis 2 | |
| 606996495 | independant assortment | independant segregation of genes during the formation of gametes | |
| 606996496 | recombinant chromsomes | individual chromosomes that carry genes derived by the 2 parents | |
| 606996497 | a human cell containing 22 autosomes and a Y chromosome is a. an egg b. a somatic cell of a male c. sperm | c. sperm | |
| 606996498 | which life stage is found in plants but not in animals? a. unicellular diploid b. multicellular haploid c. zygote | b. multicellular haploid | |
| 606996499 | homologous chromosomes move toward opposite poles of a dividing cell during...? a. bianary fission b.meiosis 2 c. meiosis 1 d. fertilization | c. meiosis 1 | |
| 606996500 | meiosis 2 is similar to mitosis in that...? a. sister chromatids separate during anaphase b. Dna replicates before the division c. the daughter cells are diploid d. the chromosome number is reduced | a. sister chromatids separate during anaphase | |
| 606996501 | how many different combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes can be packaged in gametes made by an organism with a diploid number of 8? (hint: 2n=8) a. 32 b.8 c. 9 d.16 | d. 16 | |
| 606996502 | Name the stages of meiosis | prophase 1, metaphase 1, anaphase1, telophase 1, cytokinesis. prophase 2, metaphase 2, anaphase 2, telophase 2, cytokinesis | |
| 606996503 | how many cells are produced at the end of meiosis? | 4 | |
| 606996504 | True or False: A karyotype is a pictoral display of an individual's chromosomes | true | |
| 606996505 | what are autosomes? | ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ | |
| 606996506 | a synaptonemal complex would be formed during...? a. prophase of meiosis 1 b. prophase of mitosis c. fertilization of syngamy of gametes | a. prophase of meiosis 1 | |
| 606996508 | what phase in meiosis would not be considered a haploid cell? | cell in prophase 1 |