Ottoman final Flashcards

579495338	tulip period	Period between 1718 and 1730 when a "craze" for high-priced tulip bulbs swept the ruling Ottoman circles. European clothing, furniture, etc also became very popular.
579495340	mufti	a jurist who interprets Muslim religious law
579495342	awqaf	a religious endowment set up to benefit the poor
579495344	talaq	the oral formula of divorce; a husband's repudiation of his wife; can count as a legal divorce under certain conditions
579495347	osman I	1299 - Osman is regarded as the founder of the Ottoman Empire, and it is from him that its inhabitants, the Turks, called themselves Osmanli until the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire
579495350	bayezid I	Ottoman sultan - Founded first centralized Ottoman state based on traditional Turkish and Muslim institutions - Stressed need to extend Ottoman dominion into Anatolia - Conquests in Anatolia brought him into conflict with Timur Lang: defeated by Timur at Battle of Ankara (1402), died in captivity
579495353	hanafi school	-School of Law -Abu Hanafi -Emphasizes legal reasoning-flexibility
579495355	treaty of karlowitz	., (1699) Ended the Siege of Vienna and gave Austria the lands of Hungry, (1699) Treaty in which, for the first time, the Ottoman Empire had to cede territory in the Balkans to its Austrian opponent
579495357	mehmed iv	Mehmed the Hunter, was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1648 to 1687. Throne at age six, his reign was significant as he changed the nature of the Sultan's position forever by giving up most of his executive power to his Grand Vizier. Born at Topkapı Palace. His ascension marked the end of a very volatile time for the Ottoman Dynasty; two Sultans had been killed, including Mehmed's father. notable for a brief revival of Ottoman fortunes led by Grand Vizier, Mehmed Köprülü and his son Fazıl Ahmet . They regained the Aegean island and fought successful campaigns against Transylvania (1664) and Poland (1670-1674).
579495359	qadi	an Islamic judge
579495360	mahr	money paid by groom to bride at time of marriage. similar to a dowry
579495362	khul	divorce by mutual consent; redemption, woman can purchase her freedom from marriage
579495364	orhan bey	osmans son. expanded empire into byzantine areas
579495366	mehmed II	also calle Mehmed the Conqueror, Murad's son, conquered Constaninople in 1453 and opened it to new citizens of many religions and backgrounds. The rebuilt city was renamed Instanbul.
579677517	melek ahmed pasha	grand vizier during the stagnation period under Murad IV. Evliya wrote about him