Ap Chemistry: Chapter 11 Vocabulary Flashcards

518776276	intermolecular forces	forces of attraction between molecules
518776277	dipole-dipole attraction	force of attraction between polar molecules; a component of van der Waals forces.
518776278	london forces	the intermolecular attractions resulting from the constant motion of electrons and the creation of instantaneous dipoles
518776279	hydrogen bond	bond created by the weak attraction of a slightly positive hydrogen atom to a slightly negative portion of another molecule
518776280	polarizability	the ease with which the electron cloud of an atom or molecule can be distorted
518776281	viscosity	a measure of the resistance of liquids to flow; more viscous materials do not flow easily
518776282	Surface tension	the energy required to break through the surface of a liquid or to disrupt a drop of the liquid and spread the material out as a film
518776283	Capillary action	the spontaneous movement of a liquid up a tube
518776284	phase changes	transformations of one phase to another.
518776285	Heat of Fusion	the energy a substance must absorb in order to change from a solid to a liquid
518776286	Heat of Vaporization	the energy a substance must absorb in order to change from a liquid to a gas
518776287	critical temperature	the temperature above which a substance cannot exist in the liquid state
518776288	critical pressure	the lowest pressure at which a substance can exist as a liquid at the critical temperature
518776289	vapor pressure	measures the tendency of the liquid to evaporate.
518776290	dynamic equilibrium	Reaction happens in both directions, at the same rate
518776291	volatile	how readily a liquid evaporates.
518776292	normal boiling point	the temperature at which a liquid's vapor pressure equals 1 atm
518776293	phase diagram	a map of the phase of a substance as a function of pressure (y-axis) and temperature (x-axis)
518776294	normal melting point	melting point at 1 atm
518776295	triple point	the point in the phase diagram that represents the unique set of conditions at which three phases are equally stable and in equilibrium
518776296	crystalline solid	a solid in which the atoms or molecules that compose them are arranged in a well-ordered three-dimensional arrary
518776297	amorphous solid	a solid in which the atoms or molecules that compose them have no long-range order.
518776298	crystal lattice	represents the three-dimensional structures of a crystal.
518776299	primitive cubic cell	a cubic unit cell in which the lattice points are at the corners only.
518776300	body centered cubic cell	a cubic unit cell in which the lattice points occur at the corners and at the center.
518776301	face centered cubic	a cubic unit cell that had lattice points at each corner as well as at the center of each face.
518776302	cubic close packing	a close packing arrangement in which the atoms of the third layer of a solid are not directly over theose in the first layer.
518776303	hexagonal close packing	a close packing arrangement in ehich the atoms of the third layer of a solid lie directly over those in the first layer.
518776304	coordination number	the number of adjacent atoms to which an atom is directly bonded.
518776305	molecular solids	solids that are composed of molecules.
518776306	covalent network solids	solids in which the units that make up the three-dimensional network are joined by covelant bonds
518776307	ionic solids	solids that are composed of ions
518776308	metallic solids	solids that are composed of metal atoms