apes vocabulary final review, the solid earth Flashcards
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| 285327569 | A horizon | topsoil horizon that is generally gray to black, contains the remains of living things (humus) | |
| 285327570 | abyssal floor | rises at a gentle slope of less than 1 degree toward the mid-ocean ridge. often has submarine channels. has a lot of marine sealife | |
| 285327571 | B horizon | subsoil horizon the rock has been weathered into fine grains, but no living things are present | |
| 285327572 | C horizon | horizon made of rock fragments on top of unweathered bedrock | |
| 285327573 | continental crust | the portion of the earth's crust that primarily contains granite, is less dense than oceanic crust, and is 20-50 km thick | |
| 285327574 | continental drift | the hypothesis that the continents slowly move across earth's surface after splitting up from their once super continent (Pangea) | |
| 285327575 | continental margin | that portion of the sea floor adajecent to the continents; it may include the continental shelf, continental slope, and continental rise | |
| 285327576 | continental shelf | a gently sloping, shallow area of the ocean floor that extends outward from the edge of a continent | |
| 285327577 | continental slope | the steep descent of the seabed from the continental shelf to the abyssal zone | |
| 285327578 | convergent plate boundary | boundary between two colliding plates, often associated with mountain building ocean trenches and volcanic islands. Plates can either slide past each other, both go up, or one go down (usually oceanic) and the other go up (usually land) | |
| 285327579 | core | the central part of the earth | |
| 285327580 | crust | the thin and solid outermost layer of the earth above the mantle | |
| 285327581 | epicenter | the point on the earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake | |
| 285327582 | epoch | a distinct period of time, era, or age | |
| 285327583 | era | a major division of geological time | |
| 285327584 | fault | a crack in the earth's crust resulting from the displacement of one plate with another | |
| 285327585 | glaciers | huge, slow moving sheets of ice, reflects suns heat like mirrors | |
| 285327586 | magma | molten rock in the earth's crust | |
| 285327587 | oceanic plate | this is a tectonic plate that is a thinner, denser and heavier type | |
| 285327588 | plate tectonics | the theory that pieces of earth's lithosphere are in constant motion, driven by convection currents in the mantle | |
| 285327589 | P wave | a type of seismic wave that compresses and expands the ground | |
| 285327590 | Richter scale | a logarithmic scale of 1 to 10 used to express the energy released by an earthquake based on size of seismic waves | |
| 285327591 | sedimentary rock | a type of rock that forms when particles from other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together | |
| 285327592 | shield volcano | a low, flat, gently sloping volcano built from many flows of fluid, low-viscosity basaltic lava | |
| 285327593 | subduction zone | the region where an oceanic plate sinks down into the asthenosphere at a convergent boundary, usually between continental and oceanic plates | |
| 285327594 | S wave | a type of seismic wave that moves the ground up and down or side to side |