AP World History Unit 5 Vocab Terms (Part 2) Flashcards

Klaw students, please use this set to review the Vocab.

693153657	Nationalism	The doctrine that your national culture and interests are superior to any other.
693153658	"Open Door" Policy for China	In 1899, John Hay (secretary of state) declared it. Gave all nations have equal trade access to trade with China. It wasn't until the Boxer Rebellion that the other countries agreed.
693153659	Imperialism	A policy of extending your rule over foreign countries.
693153660	Colonialism	Attempt by one country to establish settlements and to impose its political, economic, and cultural principles in another territory.
693153661	Settler Colonies	Colonies in which the colonizing people settled in large numbers, rather than simply spending relatively small numbers to exploit the region; particularly noteworthy in the case of the British colonies in North America.
693153662	Social Darwinism	The application of ideas about evolution and "survival of the fittest" to human societies - particularly as a justification for their imperialist expansion.
693153663	Wahhabi Islam	Major Islamic movement led by the Muslim theologian Abd al Wahhab (1703-1792) that advocated an austere lifestyle and strict adherence to the sharia or Islamic law.
693153664	Marathas	Militant Hindus who formed a breakaway state in the south and waged guerilla warfare against Aurangzeb and the Mughal Empire.
693153665	India Revolt of 1857	Hindus and Muslim sepoys refused to open cartridges that came in paper waxed with animal fat for religious reasons; killed British officers, and proclaimed restoration of the Mughal authority; had different interests, and were crushed by the British.
693153666	Boxer Rebellion	A 1900 Uprising in China aimed at ending foreign influence in the country.
693153667	Taiping Rebellion	The most destructive civil war before the twentieth century. A Christian-inspired rural rebellion threatened to topple the Qing Empire.
693153668	Ghost Dance	A ritual Indians performed to bring back the buffalo, return the Native American tribes to their land, and sweep away all the white settlers.
693153669	Xhosa Cattle Killing	1856-1857; Nongqawuse had a vision that if the Africans killed their animals and crops the invaders would move out; prophecy did not come true and people found themselves destitute; part of the neo-conservaite movements that aim to revive indigenous life in response to European expansion.
693153670	Tanzimat Movement	(Ottoman reform movement) Reforms that took place in the Ottoman empire in imperial policy. -- basically declared that all subjects of the Ottoman Empire were guaranteed equal rights (in life, liberty, and property) no matter what religion they were. The movement's attempt was to modernize the Ottoman Empire and try to stop uprisings within the empire.
693153671	China's Self-Strengthening Movement	Aimed to update educational system, diplomatic service, military, set up factories, had mixed results.
693153672	Indentured Servitude	The system of temporary servitude, where young men and women bound themselves to masters for fixed terms of servitude (four to five years), in exchange for passage to America, food and shelter. This method of labor was one of the largest elements of colonial population in America.
693153673	U.S. Chinese Exclusion Act	Passed in 1882; banned Chinese immigration in US for a total of 40 years because the United States thought of them as a threat. Caused Chinese population in America to decrease.
693153674	Meiji Restoration	The political program that followed the destruction of the Tokugawa Shogunate in 1868, in which a collection of young leaders set Japan on the path of centralization, industrialization, and imperialism.
693153675	Opium Wars	War between Great Britain and China, began as a conflict over the opium trade, ended with the Chinese treaty to the British- the opening of 5 chinese ports to foreign merchants, and the grant of other commercial and diplomatic privileges.
693153676	Unequal Treaties	Treaties between China and the Western powers after the Opium War that vastly favored the Western powers.
693153677	Young Ottomans	Movement of young intellectuals to institute liberal reforms and build a feeling of national identity in the Ottoman Empire in the second half of the nineteenth century.
693153678	Apartheid	A social policy or racial segregation involving political and economic and legal discrimination against non-whites.
693153679	Tribalism	A situation in which people feel greater allegiance and loyalty to their own ethnic group than to a state as a whole.
693153680	Berlin Conference	A meeting from 1884-1885 at which representatives of European nations agreed on rules colonization of Africa.
693153681	Young Turks	Group of revolutionary and nationalistic Turks who revolted against Ottoman empire in 1908 attempting to make reforms and then sided with the central powers in WWI
693153682	Boer War	When the Boers fought England in order to regain the independence they had given up to obtain British help against the Zulus (1880-1881).
693153683	Zulu State	Shaka Zulu made/initiated many military, social, cultural and political reforms, forming a well-organized and centralized state.
693153684	Aborigines	The original of earliest known inhabitants of a country.
693153685	Maori	The Oceanic language spoken by the Maori people in New Zealand.
693153686	Ambergris	Waxy substance secreted by the sperm whale and found floating at sea or washed ashore.
693153687	White Australia Policy	After a flood of immigrants entered the country in the mid-1800s, laws were passed to allow only whites to immigrate. Ideas of racial superiority also led to brutal violence against native peoples. This antagonized many nations particularly those in Asia.