Chapter 13 Meiosis Sexual Life Cycles Flashcards
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| 639414055 | allele | one of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic, such as hair color | |
| 639414056 | alteration of generations | the alteration of two or more different forms in the life cycle of a plant or animal |  |
| 639414057 | asexual reproduction | One parent produces a genetically identical offspring by mitosis | |
| 639414058 | autosomes | chromosomes that are not directly involved in determining the sex of an individual |  |
| 639414059 | chiasmata | X shaped regions where crossing over occurred. |  |
| 639414060 | clone | An identical genetically individual of the parent | |
| 639414061 | crossing over | Nonsister chromatids exchanging DNA segments |  |
| 639414062 | diploid cell | 2n. Has two sets of chromosomes, with 46 and complete | |
| 639414064 | fertilization | Union of gametes | |
| 639414065 | gametes | Reproductive cells. Sperm and egg. Only 23 chromosomes |  |
| 639414066 | gametophyte | the stage in the life cycle of a plant in which the plant produces gametes, or sex cells |  |
| 639414067 | genes | Units of heredity made up of DNA | |
| 639414068 | genetics | scientific study of heredity and variation | |
| 639414069 | haploid | One set of 23 chromosomes. |  |
| 639414070 | heredity | Transmission of traits from one generation to the next. | |
| 639414071 | homologous chromosomes | Pair of chromosomes that are the same size, same appearance and same genes. |  |
| 639414072 | independent assortment | the random distribution of the pairs of genes on different chromosomes to the gametes | |
| 639414073 | karyotype | photograph of chromosomes grouped in order and in pairs |  |
| 639414074 | life cycle | all of the events in the growth and development of an organism until the organism reaches sexual maturity |  |
| 639414075 | locus | the specific site of a particular gene on its chromosome |  |
| 639414076 | mutations | Random errors in gene replication that lead to a change in the sequence of nucleotides; the source of all genetic diversity | |
| 639414077 | nonsister chromatids | different chromatids (maternal and paternal) of the same chromosome | |
| 639414078 | recombinant chromosomes | Chromosomes that carry genes from each parent |  |
| 639414079 | sex chromosomes | X and y chromosomes |  |
| 639414080 | sexual reproduction | When two parents give unique combination of genes to offspring | |
| 639414081 | somatic cells | Nonreproductive cells with two set of chromosomes. 46 in total | |
| 639414082 | spores | Produced by meiosis. Grow into haploid organisms by mitosis. | |
| 639414083 | sporophyte | diploid, or spore-producing, phase of an organism. Makes haploid spores by meiosis |  |
| 639414084 | synapsis | Homologous chromosomes pair up, aligned gene by gene. |  |
| 639414085 | tetrad | A pair of chromosomes form tetrads made up of four chromatids |  |
| 639414086 | zygote | Fertilized egg. Carries one set of chromosomes from each parent | |
| 639414087 | variation | is demonstrated by the differences in appearance that offspring show from parents and siblings | |
| 650333938 | diploid | an organism or cell having two sets of chromosomes or twice the haploid number |  |