The American Pageant Chapter 1 Flashcards

New World Beginnings

333718706	Corn or Maize	Staple crop that formed the economic foundation of Indian civilizations.
333718707	Portugal	First European nation to send explorers around the west coast of Africa.
333718708	Horse	Animal introduced by Europeans that changed Indian way of life on the Great Plains
333718709	Treaty of Tordesillas	Treaty that secured Spanish title to lands in Americas by dividing them with Portugal.
333718710	Mestizos	Person of mixed European and Indian ancestry.
333718711	St. Augustine	Founded in 1565, it's the oldest continually inhabited European settlement in US territory
333718712	Black Legend	Belief that the Spanish only killed, tortured, and stole in the Americas while doing nothing good
333718713	Roanoke Island, NC	Colony founded by Sir Walter Raleigh that mysteriously disappeared in the 1580's.
333718714	Joint-stock	Forerunner of the modern corporation that enabled investors to pool financial capital for colonial ventures.
333718715	Charter	Royal document granting a specified group the right to form a colony and guaranteeing settlers their rights as English citizens.
333718716	Indentured Servants	Penniless people obligated to forced labor for a fixed number of years, often in exchange for passage to the New World.
333718717	Act of Toleration	Maryland statute of 1649 that granted religious freedom to all Christians, but not Jews and atheists.
333718718	Squatters	Poor farmers in North Carolina and elsewhere who occupied land and raised crops without gaining legal title to the soil
333718719	House of Burgesses	First representative government in New World.
333718720	Ferdinand and Isabella	Financiers and beneficiaries of Columbus's voyages of discovery.
333718721	Cortes	Conqueror of the Aztecs.
333718722	Pizarro	Conqueror of the Incas.
333718723	Dias and DaGama	Portuguese navigators who led early voyages of discovery.
333718724	Columbus	Italian-born explorer who believed he arrived off the coast of Asia rather than on an unknown continent.
333718725	Montezuma	Powerful Aztec monarch who fell to Spanish conquerors
333718726	Elizabeth I	Unmarried English ruler who led England to national glory.
333718727	Hiawatha	Legendary founder of the powerful Iroquois Confederation
333718728	John Cabot	Italian-born explorer sent by the English to explore the coast of North America in 1498
333718729	Georgia	Founded as a refuge for debtors by philanthropists.
333718730	North Carolina	Colony that was called "a vale of humility between two mountains of conceit".
333718731	Smith and Rolfe	leaders who rescued Jamestown from the "starving time".
333718732	Maryland	Founded as a haven for Roman Catholics.
333718733	Lord Baltimore	Catholic aristocrat who sought to build a sanctuary for his fellow believers.
333718734	South Carolina	Colony that turned to disease-resistant African-American slaves for labor in its extensive rice plantations.
333718735	Raleigh and Gilbert	Elizabethan courtiers who failed in their attempts to found New World colonies