The Earth and its Peoples: Chapter 4 Flashcards

477065772	Cyrus	Founder of the Achaemendid Persian Empire
477065773	Darius I	Third ruler of the Persian Empire
477065774	satrap	Governor of a Persian province
477065775	Persepolis	Capital complex with palaces, reception halls, and treasury buildings
477065776	Zoroastrianism	Worship of god, Ahuramazda
477065777	polis	Urban center and rural territory it controlled
477065778	hoplite	Heavily armored infantrymen who fought in close formation
477065779	tyrant	Person who seized and kept power in violation of the normal political traditions of the community
477065780	democracy	Political power of all adult males
477065781	sacrifice	Gift given to deity
477065782	Heredotus	Heir to the technique of historia developed by Greeks in the late Archaic period
477065783	Perciles	Aristocratic leader who guided the Athenian state through the transformation to full participatory democracy for all male citizens, supervised construction of the Acropolis, and pursued a policy of imperial expansion that lead to the Peloponnesian War
477065784	Persian Wars	Conflicts between Greek city-states and the Persian Empire
477065785	trireme	Greek and Phoenician warship of the fifth and fourth centuries
477065786	Socrates	Athenian philosopher who shifted the emphasis of philosophical investigation from questions of natural science to ethics and human behavior
477065787	Peloponnesian war	A protracted and costly conflict between the Athenian and Spartan alliance systems that convulsed most of the Greek world
477065788	Alexander	King of Macedonia in northern Greece
477065789	Hellenistic Age	Historians' term for the era, usually dated 323-30 B.C.E., in which Greek culture spread across western Asia and Northeastern Africa after the conquests of Alexander the Great
477065790	Ptolemies	The Macedonian dynasty that ruled Egypt for three centuries
477065791	Alexandria	City on the Mediterranean coast of Egypt founded by Alexander