Macromolecules Flashcards

192500639	Carbohydrates	Organic compounds that include sugars, starch and cellulose. Are made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
192500640	Peptide bond	The primary linkage of all protein structures
192500641	Amino acid	Monomer that makes up proteins; contains carboxyl and amino functional groups
192500642	Proteins	Macromolecules that contain nitrogen as well as carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
192500643	Cellulose	A polysaccharide that is the chief constituent of all plant tissues and fibers
192500644	Starch	A complex carbohydrate found chiefly in seeds, fruits, tubers, roots and stem pith of plants, notably in corn, potatoes, wheat, and rice
192500645	Glycogen	One form in which body fuel is stored
192500646	Glucose	A monosaccharide sugar that has several forms. An energy source in plants and animals
192500647	Polysaccharides	Carbohydrate made up of many mono saccharide units
192500648	fructose	Derived from glucose and is called a fruit sugar. Combines with glucose to form sucrose
192500649	Monosaccharides	Any kind of simple sugar molecule
192500650	Disaccharides	Carbohydrates that are made up of two monosaccharides
192500651	Monomers	Small unit that can join together with other small units to form polymers
192500652	Polymers	Large compound formed from combinations of many monomers
192500653	Lipids	Energy-rich organic compounds, such as fats, oils, and waxes, that are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
192500654	Nucleic acid	Any of various macromolecules composed of nucleotid chains that are vital constituents of all living cells
192500655	Sucrose	a complex carbohydrate found in many plants and used as a sweetening agent
192500656	Lactose	a sugar comprising one glucose molecule linked to a galactose molecule
192500657	Complex carbohydrates	starches which are made up of many sugars and are found in foods like potatoes, beans, and whole grain cereals
192500658	Primary structure	The first level of protein structure; the specific sequence of amino acids making up a polypeptide chain.
192500659	Secondary structure	The second level of protein structure; the regular local patterns of coils or folds of a polypeptide chain.
192500660	Tertiary structure	The third level of protein structure; the overall, three-dimensional shape of a polypeptide due to interactions of the R groups of the amino acids making up the chain.
192500661	Quaternary structure	The fourth level of protein structure; the shape resulting from the association of two or more polypeptide subunits.
192500662	Carboxyl group	COOH
192500663	Amino group	NH2
194274804	RNA	A single chain of nucleic acids with 3 different forms
194274805	DNA	A double helix of nucleic acids
194275016	DNA bases	Adenine, Thyamine, Guanine, Cytosine
194275017	RNA bases	Adenine, Uracil, Guanine, Cytosine