AP US History: American Pageant Chapter 4 Terms Flashcards

573020840	Disfranchise	To take away the right to vote
573020842	Jeremiad	A sermon or prophecy recounting wrongdoing, warning of doom, and calling for repentance. A sermon or prophecy recounting wrongdoing, warning of doom, and calling for repentance
573020845	Lynching	The illegal execution of an accused person by mob action, without due process of law
573020846	Social Structure	The basic pattern of the distribution of status and wealth in a society
573020848	Blue Blood	Of noble or upper-class descent
573020850	Indentured Servants	Immigrants who received passage to America in exchange for a fixed term of labor. A laborer bound to unpaid service to a master for a fixed term, in exchange for benefits such as transportation, tools, and clothes
573020853	Rhode Island	American colony that was home to the Newport slave market and many slave traders
573020855	Royal African Company	English company that lost its monopoly on the slave trade in 1698
573020857	Gullah	African-American dialect that blended English with Yoruba, Ibo, and Hausa
573020859	Meetinghouse	The basic local political institution of New England, in which all freemen gathered to elect officials and debate local affairs
573020861	The Half-Way Covenant	Formula devised by Puritan ministers in 1662 to offer partial church membership to people who had not experienced conversion
573020863	Salem Witch Trials	Late seventeenth century judicial event that inflamed popular feelings, led to the deaths of twenty people, and weakened the Puritan clergy's prestige
573020865	Chesapeake	Virginia-Maryland bay area, site of the earliest colonial settlements
573020866	Nathaniel Bacon	Person who led poor former indentured servants and frontiersman on a rampage against Indians and colonial government
573020868	Governor Berkeley	Colonial Virginia official who crushed rebels and wreaked cruel revenge
573020870	Royal African Company	Organization whose loss of the slave trade monopoly in 1698 led to free-enterprise expansion of the business
573020873	Middle Passage	Experience for which human beings were branded and chained, and which only 80 percent survived
573020875	Ringshout	West African religious rite, retained by African-Americans, in which participants responded to the shouts of a preacher.
573020877	New York City slave revolt of 1712	Major middle-colonies' rebellion that caused thirty-three deaths
573020879	Nathaniel Hawthorne	Author of a novel about the early New England practice of requiring adulterers to wear the letter "A"
573020882	New England conscience	The legacy of Puritan religion that inspired idealism and reform among later generations of Americans
573020883	Salem Witch Trials	Phenomena started by accusations of adolescent girls that ended in deaths of 20 people
573020886	Leisler's Rebellion	Small New York revolt of 1689-1691 that reflected class antagonism between landlords and merchants
573020887	Headright System	Maryland and Virginia's system of gaining land to anyone who would pay transatlantic passage for laborers. A way to attract immigrants; gave 50 acres of land to anyone who paid their way and/or any plantation owner that paid an immigrant,s way; mainly a system in the southern colonies of a laborer
573020890	Middle Passage	That portion of a slave ship's journey in which slaves were carried from Africa to the Americas
573020892	Menial work (servitude)	Fit for servants; humble or low. ―But chiefly they performed the sweaty toil of clearing swamps
573020894	Militia	A voluntary, nonprofessional armed force of citizens, usually called to military service only in emergencies
573020896	Hierarchy	A social group arranged in ranks or classes
573020899	Corporation	A private group or institution to which the government grants legal rights to carry on certain specified activities
573020901	William Berkeley	British colonial governor of Virginia from 1642-52. He showed that he had favorites in his second term which led to the Bacon's rebellion in 1676 , which he ruthlessly suppressed
573020903	Bacon's Rebellion	In 1676, Bacon, a young planter led a rebellion against people who were friendly to the Indians. In the process he torched Jamestown, Virginia and was murdered by Indians
573020905	Leisler's Rebellion	1689-1691, an ill-fated bloody insurgency in New York City took place between landholders and merchants
573020907	Halfway Covenant	A Puritan church policy; In 1662, the Halfway Covenant allowed partial membership rights to persons not yet converted into the Puritan church
573020909	Freedom Dues	Bonus given to indentured servants at the end of their term: corn, clothes, and a little land sometimes
573020911	Governor Berkeley	Governor whose refusal to respond to First American attacks led to Bacon's Rebellion
573020913	Nathaniel Bacon	Frontiersman who led a 1000 man rebellion against William Berkeley; died of disease in the middle of the rebellion
573020915	Royal African Company	First slave trade company; established 1672
573020916	Middle Passage	The journey of slaves from Africa to America
573020917	Slave Codes	Laws that defined the harsh treatment of slaves
573020918	Chattel Slavery	Slavery across generations
573020919	Cotton Mather	Influential New England Puritan minister, notable for his role in the Salem witch trials. He believed witchcraft existed, and it was affiliated with abominations.