Ap Euro-Chapter 3 Flashcards

439589801	Alberti, Leon Battista	Wrote a theory of architecture that summed up the Renaissance ideal of perfection.
439589802	Brunelleschi, Filippo	Architect who built the dome entering into Florence (Duomo).
439589803	Bruni, Leonardo	Italian humanist, historian and statesman, who was chancellor of Florence. He has been called the first modern historian.
439589804	Burgundians	Part of French Royal house but built own armies, conquered land for themselves, and commanded a lot of loyalty.
439589805	Castiglione, Baldassare	Wrote The Courtier, and etiquette book.
439589806	city-state	Flourishing cities that dominated the political and economic life of the surrounding countryside.
439589807	The Courtier	Etiquette book that explained how a man showed be well-mannered and know music, art, and dance. He must also be physically strong.
439589808	David	18 foot sculpture by Michelangelo.
439589809	doge	Chief executive elected for life by the Senate, a body of nobility.
439589810	Durer, Albrecht	German who blended north and south painting styles- did copper engravings and woodcuts as well.
439589811	Erasmus, Desiderius	Writer who wrote dialogue and combined classical ideals of humanity and civic virtue with Christian virtues love and piety.
439589812	Ferdinand and Isablella	Royal couple that combined Castile and Aragon to form Spain.
439589813	Gutenburg, Johann	German goldsmith and printer who invented the first printing press.
439589814	heretics	False Believers.
439589815	humanism	The interest in the capabilities and accomplishment of individuals.
439589816	Inquistion	A tribunal set up originally to monitor the sincerity of former Muslims and Jews who had converted to Christianity.
439589817	Italian Renaissance	Beginning of the rebirth of the cultural and artistic side of Europe.
439589818	Louis XI	Centralized King power in France and doubled its size when it took over Burgundian lands.
439589819	Machiavelli, Niccolo	Wrote "The Prince" where he explained how a good ruler needs to manipulate people.
439589820	Medici, Cosimo de'	Head of Medici family-supported by a few patrician families.
439589821	Medici Family	Seized control of Florentine political life, building their power on great wealth from banking and manufacture and commerce of textiles.
439589822	Medici, Lorenzo de'	Promoted family's great power with his extravagant patronage of the arts.
439589823	Mona Lisa	Painting by Leonardo Da Vinci, which is a perfect example of humanist interest.
439589824	More, Thomas	Wrote Utopia in which he shows his idea for a perfect society where everyone is absolute equal.
439589825	"new monarchs"	Rulers of France, England, and Spain established centralized royal power.
439589826	oligarchies	Governments ruled by a few merchant aristocrats from prominent families.
439589827	Papal States	City-state of Italy that was ruled by the pope and cardinals.
439589828	patriarchs, patriarchies	Male heads of powerful families, societies dominated by men.
439589829	perspective	Ability to create an illusory 3-dimensional space on a 2-dimensional surface.
439589830	Petrarch	Father of Humanism.
439589831	popolo grasso	"Fat People" (Rich).
439589832	The Prince	Book telling how political leaders need to be able to manipulate others in order to raise himself and his kingdom up for better.
439589833	principalities	Ruled by hereditary despots called signori who had absolute power.
439589834	Rapheal	Artist who is famous for The School of Athens, which shows great philosophers and scientists (Plato and Aristotle).
439589835	Reconquista	Reconquest.
439589836	Reichstag	The main legislature of the German state under the Second and Third Reichs.
439589837	Renaissance	Rebirth
439589838	"Renaissance Man"	Person who knows a great deal about many things.
439589839	republics	Associations of free men who sought complete political and economic independence from local nobles.
439589840	rhetoric	Concerned with the art of good speaking and writing.
439589841	The School of Athens	Painting by Rapheal that shows great philosophers, including Michelangelo and Leonard Da Vinci as Plato and Aristotle.
439589842	scholasticism	The attempt to reconcile the beliefs and values of Christianity with logical reasoning of Greek philosophy.
439589843	secularism	Focus on real things in this world and not worrying so much on the next world.
439589844	Treaty of Lodi	Strong political alliance between Italian city-states to protect themselves from foreign intruders.
439589845	Tudors	New Royal house that emerged when House of York and House of Lancaster intermarried.
439589846	Utopia	Book wrote Thomas More, where everyone lives in a perfect society.
439589847	Van Eyck, Jan	Dutchman who used early proponents of oil painting on wood or canvas.
439589848	Vasari, Giorgio	Italian painter and architect that was the first to use the word renaissance.
439589849	vernacular	Spoken tongue.
439589850	Vinci, Leonardo da	"Renaissance Man"- great artist, engineer, scientist, and inventor. He created the Mona Lisa.
439589851	War of the Roses	War between House of York and House of Lancaster over the throne of England.