Campell Biology ch.8 mitosis Flashcards

286927353	cell division	when a cell undergoes reproduction, the two "daughter" cells that result are genetically identical to each other and to the original "parent" cell.
286927354	chromosomes	thread like structures that have genetic info that is passed down from one generation to the next
286927355	asexual reproduction	single celled organisms that reproduce by dividing in half, and the offspring are genetic replicas
286927356	sexual reproduction	requires fertilization of an egg by a sperm
286927357	zygote	fertilized egg
286927358	binary fission	a form of asexual reproduction in single-celled organisms by which one cell divides into two cells of the same size
286927359	chromatin	long strands of DNA found in the eukaryotic cell nucleus; condense to form chromosomes
286927360	sister chromatids	two identical copies of a parent chromosome which are attached to one another at the centromere.
286927361	centromere	area where the chromatids of a chromosome are attached
286927362	cell cycle	the regular sequence of growth and division that cells undergo
286927363	interphase	a period between two mitotic or meiotic divisions during which the cell grows, copies its DNA, and synthesizes proteins
286927364	prophase	first and longest phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes become visible and the centrioles separate and take up positions on the opposite sides of the nucleus
286927365	metaphase	the stage in mitosis or meiosis in which the duplicated chromosomes line up along the equatorial plate of the spindle
286927366	anaphase	the third phase of mitosis, during which the chromosome pairs separate and move toward opposite poles
286927367	telophase	the final stage of mitosis or meiosis, during which a nuclear membrane forms around each set of new chromosomes
286927368	cytoknesis	The cytoplasm completely splits, organelles divide and are split between the 2 new cells
286927369	miotic spindle	football-shaped structure of microtubules that guides the separation of the two sets of daughter chromosomes
286927370	centrosomes	regions of cytoplasmic material that in animal cells contain structures called centrioles
286927371	cleavage furrow	the area of the cell membrane that pinches in and eventually separates the dividing cell
286927372	cell plate	A double membrane across the midline of a dividing plant cell, between which the new cell wall forms during cytokinesis.
286927373	growth factor	signal cell cycle control system
286927374	anchorage dependence	The requirement that a cell must be attached to a substratum in order to divide.