AP Govt Unit 3 Note Cards Flashcards

786212069	Anti-federalists	people who opposed the Constitution
786212070	Dealignment	When a significant number of voters choose to no longer support a particular political party.
786212071	Democratic Republican Party	One of the first two political parties in the United States, led by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison; opposed the Federalist party and was strongly in favor of individual rights
786212072	Era of good feeling	An political era when the Federalist party faded away and there were almost no divisions; James Monroe was President
786212073	federalist party	a major political party in the United States in the early 19th century
786212074	Grass-Roots organizations	local people who work for the party
786212075	Gridlock	the inability of the government to act because rival parties control different parts of the government
786212076	Linkage institutions	The means by which individuals can express preferences regarding the development of public policy.
786212077	Mcgovern- Fraser Commision	Commision that set guidelines for political elections
786212078	Political Efficacy	The belief that one's political participation really matters - that one's vote can actually make a difference
786212079	populist party	a former political party in the United States
786212080	Proportional representation	representation of all parties in proportion to their popular vote
786212081	roosevelt Coalition	Also known as the New Deal. Established by Roosevelt during the Great Depression, it helped the unemployed and the lost wages due to the panic on wall street
786212082	Straight ticket	Voting for candidates who are all of the same party
786212083	Ticket splitting	voting with one party for one office and with another party for other offices
786212084	Universal manhood suffrage	giving all adult men the right to vote
786212085	Whig party	Political party formed in 1834 to oppose policies of Andrew Jackson
786212086	Winner-take-all electoral system	an electoral system in which the party that receives at least one more vote than any other party wins the election
786212087	527s	political organizations formed primarily to influence elections and therefore exempt from most federal taxes
786212088	Bipartisan campaign reform act of 2002	banned soft money donations to national parties
786212089	blanket primaries	elections to select party nominees in which voters are presented with a list of candidates from all the parties.
786212090	Buckley vs Valeo	Supreme Court ruled that it is unconstitutional for Congress to limit the amount of money an individual may spend supporting a candidate if the expenditures are made independent of the campaign.
786212091	Campaign reform act of 1974	Response to Watergate scandal, said that donations over $100 had to be accounted for
786212092	Caucuses	meetings where political parties chose their candidates
786212093	closed primaries	primary elections in which only registered party members may vote
786212094	Coat tail effect	when popular candidate running for a high-profile office pulls other candidates of party into office
786212095	critical realigning election	an election that produces a sharp change in the existing pattern of party loyalties among groups of voters
786212096	frontloading	the recent tendency of states to hold primaries early in the calendar in order to capitalize on media attention
786212097	general election	An election held to choose which candidate will hold office
786212098	open primaries	primary elections in which eligible voters do not need to be registered party members
786212099	PACs	Political Action Committees, raise money for candidates/parties
786212100	Plurality	Candidate or party with the most votes cast in an election, not necessarily more than half.
786212101	Presidential debates	Official televised debates between presidential nominees that are highly important to the campaign.
786212102	Single-member districts	Only one representative is chosen from each district
786212103	Soft money	funds obtained by political parties that are spent on party activities, such as get-out-the-vote drives, but not on behalf of a specific candidate
786212104	electioneering	persuasion of voters in a political campaign
786212105	foundation grants	grants given to interest groups by foundations/non-profit organizations
786212106	free rider problem	the difficulty interest groups face in recruiting members when the benefits they achieve can be gained without joining the group
786212107	individual interests	Beliefs, values, attitudes, and social issues (Group interest voters/ideology)
786212108	institutional interests	Individuals or organizations representing other organizations
786212109	interest groups	groups of people who work together for similar interests or goals
786212110	lobbying	attempting to influence policy makers
786212111	elite theory	theory that upper class elites exercise great influence over public policy
786212112	Hyperpluralist theory	A theory of government and politics contending that groups are so strong that government is weakened.
786212113	Pluralist theory	the theory that political power is distributed among a wide array of diverse and competing interest groups
786212114	Public interest groups	groups that organize to influence government to produce collective goods or services that benefit the general public
786212115	Revolving door	an organization or institution with a high rate of turnover of personnel or membership
786212116	Union shop	a company allowed to hire nonunion workers on the condition that they will join the union within a specified time