Unit 8A - Motivation & Emotion - AP Psychology Flashcards

722661153	Instinct Theory	A complex behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species and is unlearned
722661154	Drive-Reduction Theory	The idea that a physiological need creates an aroused tension state [a drive] that motivates an organism to satisfy the need
722661155	Homeostasis	A tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the regulation of any aspect or body chemistry, such as blood glucose, around a particular level
722661156	Yerkes-Dodson Arousal Theory	The theory stating that we are motivated by our innate desire to maintain an optimal level of arousal.
722661157	Abraham Maslow & Hierarchy of Needs	Maslow's pyramid of human needs, beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active
722661158	Physiological of Hunger	We need energy (calories) to fuel our bodies.The complex chain of events in the brain is not yet fully understood. The hypothalamus is important.
722664795	Glucose	The form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides the major source of energy for body tissues. When its level is low, we feel hunger.
722664796	Lateral Hypothalamus vs. Ventromedial Hypothalamus	LH - Brings hunger VH - Depresses hunger
722664797	Set Point	The point at which an individual's "weight thermostat" is supposedly set. When the body falls below this weight, and increase in hunger and a lowered metabolic rate may act to restore the lost weight
722664798	Basal Metabolic Rate	The body's resting rate of energy expenditure
722664799	Anorexia Nervosa	An eating disorder in which a person [usually an adolescent female] diets and becomes significantly [15 percent or more] underweight, yet, still feeling fat. continues to starve
722664800	Bulimia Nervosa	An eating disorder characterized by episodes of overeating, usually of high-calorie foods, followed by vomiting, laxative use, fasting, or excessive exercise
722674037	Sexual Response Cycle	The four stages of sexual responding described by Masters and Johnson-excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution
722674038	Excitement Stage	Initial arousal stage of the sexual response pattern
722674039	Plateau Phase	Leveling off of arousal immediately before orgasm
722674040	Orgasm Phase	Phase in human sexual response marked by involuntary rhythmic contractions in the muscles of genitals in both men and women
722674041	Resolution Phase	Phase in human sexual response following orgasm, in which people report relaxation and a sense of well-being
722674042	Refractory Period	A resting period after orgasm, during which a man can not achieve another orgasm
722674043	Theories of Emotion	Emotions are a mix of 1) Physiological activation, 2) Expressive behaviors, and 3) Conscious experience
722674044	James-Lange Theory	The theory that our experience of emotion is our awareness of our physiological responses to emotion-arousing stimuli
722674045	Feel-good, Do-good phenomenon	People's tendency to be helpful when already in a good mood
722674046	Cannon-Bard Theory	The theory that an emotion-arousing stimulus simultaneously triggers (1) physiological responses and (2) the subjective experience of emotion
722674047	Han Selye's General Adaptation Syndrome	Selye's concept of the body's adaptive response to stress in three phases-alarm, resistance, exhaustion
722674048	Schachter's Two-Factor Theory	Suggests that the emotions we feel depend on our appraisal of both our internal physical state and the external situation in which we find ourselves
722674049	Catharsis	Emotional release. The catharsis hypothesis maintains that "releasing" aggressive energy [through action or fantasy] relieves aggressive urges
722674050	Type A	Friedman and Rosenman's terms for competitive, hard-driving, impatient, verbally aggressive, and anger-prone people
722674051	Type B	Friedman and Rosenman's term for easygoing, relaxed people