Friedland APES Ch 6 Population Ecology Flashcards
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| 223980045 | Population | the individuals that belong to the same species and live in a given area at a given time | |
| 223980046 | Community | all the populations of organisms within a given area | |
| 223980047 | Population Ecology | the study of factors that cause populations to increase or decrease | |
| 223980048 | Population size | the total number of individuals within a defined area at a given time | |
| 223980049 | Population Density | the number of individuals per unit area at a given time | |
| 223980050 | Population Distribution | description of how individuals are distributed with respect to one another | |
| 223980051 | Sex Ratio | the ratio of males to females | |
| 223980052 | Age Structure | description of how many individuals fit into particular age categories | |
| 223980053 | Density-Dependent Factors | factors that influences an individual's probability of survival and reproduction in a manner that depends on the size of the population | |
| 223980054 | Limiting Resource | resource that a population cannot live without and that occurs in quantities lower than the population would require to increase in size | |
| 223980055 | Carrying Capacity | the limit of how many individuals in a population the food supply can contain | |
| 223980056 | Density-Independent Factors | factors that has the same effect on an individual's probability of survival and the amount of reproduction at any population size | |
| 223980057 | Growth Rate | the number of offspring an individual can produce in a given time period, minus the death of the individual or any of its offspring during the same period | |
| 223980058 | Intrinsic Growth Rate | the maximum potential for growth of a population under ideal conditions with unlimited resources | |
| 223980059 | Exponential Growth Model | growth model that estimates a population's future size after a period of time based on the intrinsic growth rate and the number of reproducing individuals currently in the population | |
| 223980060 | J-shaped Curve | the curve of exponential growth model when graphed | |
| 223980061 | Logistic Growth Model | a growth model that describes a population whose growth is initially exponential, but slows as the population approaches the carrying capacity of the environment | |
| 223980062 | S-shaped Curve | the shape of the logistic growth model when graphed | |
| 223980063 | Overshoot | when a population becomes larger than the environment's maximum carrying capacity | |
| 223980064 | Dieback | a rapid decline in population due to death | |
| 223980065 | K-Selected Species | a species with a low intrinsic growth rate that causes the population to increase slowly until it reaches carrying capacity | |
| 223980066 | r-selected species | a species that has a high intrinsic growth rate, which often leads to population overshoots and die-offs | |
| 223980067 | Survivorship Curve | the graph that represents the distinct patterns of species survival as a function of age | |
| 223980068 | Corridors | a strip of natural habitat that connects separated populations | |
| 223980069 | Metapopulation | a group of spatially distinct populations that are connected by occasional movements of individuals between them | |
| 223980070 | Community Ecology | the study of interactions between species | |
| 223980071 | Competition | the struggle of individuals to obtain a limiting resource | |
| 223980072 | Competitive Exclusion | the principle stating that two species competing for the same limiting resource cannot coexist | |
| 223980073 | Resource Partitioning | a situation in which two species divide a resource, based on differences in their behavior or morphology | |
| 223980074 | Predation | the use of one species as a resource by another species | |
| 223980075 | Parasitism | when an organism lives on the organism that it consumes | |
| 223980076 | Mutualism | an interaction between species that increases the chances of survival or reproduction for both species | |
| 223980077 | Commensalism | a relationship between species in which one species benefits and the other species is neither harmed nor helped | |
| 223980078 | Symbiotic Relationship | a relationship of two species that live in close association with each other | |
| 223980079 | Keystone Species | a species that is far more important in its community than its relative abundance might suggest | |
| 223980080 | Primary Succession | an ecological succession succession occurring on surfaces that are initially devoid of soil | |
| 223980081 | Secondary Succession | the succession of plant life that occurs in areas that have been disturbed but have not lost their soil | |
| 223980082 | Pioneer Species | a species that can colonize a new area rapidly |