AP US History First Semester Final Review Flashcards

125140280	European contact with Native Americans DID NOT lead to	extensive enslavement of natives for work on plantations
125140281	The Virginia House of Burgesses was important because	it set the standard for more colonial legislative bodies that would follow
125140282	The Puritans believed that their purpose in the colonies was to	become an example of faith for the world to see
125140283	Anne Hutchinson was banished by the Massachusetts Bay officials because	she challenged gender roles and Puritan orthodoxy
125140284	Jamestown, the first permanent English settlement, was founded by	a joint-stock company anxious to return a profit to investors
125140285	The settlement of Jamestown Colony in Virginia survived as a result of	the planting of tobacco as a cash crop
125140286	Puritans moved to New England because of	political repression of dissident Protestants, a economic recession, and restrictions on Puritan practices
125140287	In the colonial period, Quakers were NOT known for	their refusal to pay taxes
125140288	Colonial Pennsylvania was characterized by	having all white males vote
125140289	The Triangular trade network of the 18th century sought to	cut out the middleman in trade transactions
125140290	The Salem-Witch Trials in 1692 were	indicative of social and economic tensions among colonists
125140291	The treatment of native populations by Spanish explorers in current-day Mexico and the American Southwest is commonly described as being	harsh and unprincipled
125140292	Native American tribes experienced a cultural shift before Columbus landed in the New World when	knowledge of the growing of corn moved up from Mesoamerica
125140293	The Mayflower Compact is best described as being	a foundation for self-government
125140294	New England's tighly knight colonial societies in the 17th century began to experience trouble when	many began to question the strict adherence to Calvinist doctrine
125140295	The Maryland Act of Toleration (1639) was passed to	maintain a safe haven for Catholics in the colonies
125140296	New England women were able to	enjoy control over the matters of the household, such as finances and purchases
125140297	At the time of the first wave of European settlers to North America, most Native American populations	were widely spread across the continent
125140298	Bacon's Rebellion led to	a decrease in the reliance on indentured servants for labour
125140299	The headright system	granted acreage to any person who paid the passage of servants to the colonies
125144189	The Europeans inported African slaves especially:	to work on sugar plantations, at first in the Mediterranean, and then in the Americas
125144190	About half of the Africans transported into slavery in the Americas went to:	the Caribbean
125144191	The extreme conditions suffered on the second leg of the 18th century trading triangle:	were a product of the desire for profits by the traders
125144192	Slaves were not as numerous as indentured servants in the 17th century Chesapeake because	they cost more and had a shorter life expectency
125144193	A society in whichthe dominent form of labour is slavery is called a	slave society
125144194	The first colonists to publicly criticize slavery were	Quakers
125144195	Another word for country-born slaves is	Creoles
125144196	For family life, African Americans DID NOT	surrender all control of children to women because men were often absent
125144197	African Americans became christians in large numbers only after	the Great Awakening swept the south
125144198	The value and labour of African slaves were the primary driving forces in the economy of	England
125144199	The economic system characterized by state regulation of the economy in order to acquire as much of the fixed wealth of the world as possible is	mercantilism
125144200	The economic view that there is a limited amount of wealth so that gains=losses is called	zero-sum game
125144201	The legislative measures passed by Parliment between 1651-1696 to control trade with the colonies were known as	Navigation Acts
125144202	The society that grew up with slavery in the South was one of great wealth for few and landless poverty for about	40%
125144203	Once slavery was identified with skin color	all white colonists were raised socially and unified by opressing blacks
125144968	The deerfield raid illustrates the conflict between the	indians, English, and French
125144969	Compared to the British, the French in North America	tended to have better relations with the Indians
125144970	A significant characteristic of Spanish colonial communities were	their close association with religious missions
125144971	Long-lot patterns are not found in	San Francisco
125144972	The British colonial group most comforable with religious and ethnic pluralism were	The Quakers
125168015	Colonial culture	saw the invidual as more important than the community
125168016	Most 18th century farmers were interested in	small, self-sufficient farming communities
125168017	The rising colonial demand for Indian lands stemmed from	a general expectation of property ownership
125168018	Social class in America was	based on economic rank
125168019	The existence of "strolling poor" indicated an 18th century trend in	less avaliable land
125168020	Colonial government in new Spain and New France in the 18th century	was highly centralized and authoritarian
125168021	An Enlightenment thinker would emphasize that	Humans were capable of understanding natural laws and using them to improve their condition
125168022	In Poor Richard's Almanac, Ben Franklin tried to promote this to ordinary folk	Enlightenment thought
125168023	Reverend William's book, the Redeemed Captive Returning to Zion, illustrated the fascination of Colonial America with	Problems and diplemmas of crossing frontiers and boundaries
125168024	Old Lights are not like	New lights, George Whitefield, Gilbert Tennet, and William Tennent
125168025	In the mid-1700s, the most populous European colony in NA was	New Spain
125168026	___________ was a religious exile dissident	Roger Williams
125168027	Community life in colonial NA was NOT	an oral culture following the seasons
125168028	The English colonies populations grew more rapidly than the Spanish or the French because	English immigration policies were less restrictive
125168029	By mid-18th century, the __________ region had the highest population	New England
125168030	The Albany Conference of 1754 provided a clear indication of	the inability of British colonists to unite for a common cause
125168031	The Seven year's war began	on the Ohio river, in present-day Pittsburgh
125168032	In the Treaty of Paris ending the French and Indian war	the french lost their NA enpire to the British
125168033	British PM William Pitt was dedicated to this goal in the French and Indian War	Driving all the French out of NA
125168034	The Royal Proclamation of 1763	Set aside an area west of the Appalachians as Indian Country
125168035	As a result of various experiences in the French and Indian war, many American colonists	began to feel distinct from the British
125168036	This was not included in the British republicanism political view	property should be controlled by the government
125168037	To the radical Whigs of England, the only effective counterweight for abuse of power was	Vigilant people exercising public virtue
125168038	The primary purpose of the Sugar Actwas to	Raise revenue to defray the cost of the Seven Years War
125168039	The key to Daniel Dulany's rejection in Considerations on the Propriety of Imposing Taxes was that	Americans were members of a seperate political community
125168040	While the Stamp Act Congress of 1765 denied that Parliament could tax colonists, they did	Agree that Parliament could regulate colonil trade
125168041	The primary weapon that colonial opponents of the various revenue acts used to force their appeal was	Nonimportation and nonconsumption
125168042	The Declaration and Resolves passed at the Continental Congress in 1774 commited the colonies to	Economic sanctions prohibiting importation and consumption of British goods and export of colonial goods to other parts of the empire
125168043	A member of the Committee of Observation and Safety in 1775 had responsibility for	Enforcing economic sanction against Britain
125168044	The British experience at Lexington and Concord foreshadowed a central difficulty with which the British had to contend throughout the American Revolution. It was:	Fighting in the midst of an armed population
125168045	Among the early actions taken by the second continental congress, _____________ was not included	Declaring independece from Great Britian
125168046	In his work Common Sense, Thomas Paine assisted the movement for independence by damning Parliament while	Appealing to the American's sense of special purpose
125168047	The Stamo Act caused	idea of actual rep, considerations on the propriety of imposing taxes, sons of liberty, and the declaration act.
125168048	The Intolerable acts, so named by the colonists, were a series of acts passed by British Parliament to punish:	Boston and the colony of Massachusetts
125168049	The earliest military engagement of the American Revolution took place in	Massachusetts
125168050	he continental army encamped at Valley Forge	contained many who were drawn from the ranks of the poor and disadvantaged
125168051	During the American revolution, ___________ were not the most important	Patriot militia
125168052	A ________ would have sympathized with Loyalists	Scot tenant farmer from the Carolinas
125168053	Encounters between the British Army and Continental Army at Trenton and Princeton, New Jersey in late 1776	Gave the Americans small victories needed to help moral
125168054	The French committed themselves to recognize American independence	After Saratoga and fears of British conciliation
125366530	The Congress under the Artivles of Confederation did not have authority to	tax citizens directly
125366531	The American economy during the Revolution	suffered from inflation
125366532	In their emphasis on the need for a "balanced government", conservatives were expressing their	fear of tyranny by a majority of "the unthinking"
125366533	In taking the posistion he did in the wake os the issuance of the Newburgh address, George Washington	set a precedent for the subordination of the military to civil authority
125366534	Thomas Jefferson's "Governemnt of the Western territory" was an attempt to create	settlement to the disputes and claims of colonies to the west
125366535	Whle it had little practical effect this reform of Jefferson's in VA was copied by most states by 1798:	Abolishing of entail and primogeniture
125366536	The region that was most resistant to calls to prohibit the slave trade was	the lower south
125366537	Approx _________ fraction of the American public remained loyalist during the revolution	Between 1/5 and 1/3
125366538	The British strategy at the begining of the revolution was to cut off this area from the rest of the colonies	New England
125366539	The expression "not worth a continental" referred to the	Depreciated value of the Continental currency by 1781
125366540	The state of Maryland held up ratification of the Articles of Confederation for over 3 years because it demanded	other states give up seperate claims to western lands
125366541	In the Land ordinance of 1785, the income from the sale of section 16 went towards	public education
125366542	While not strategically significant, Washingtn revived moral support by sneaking across the Delaware at	Trenton
125366543	___________ were not important in the American victory at Yorktown	Cherokee Warriors
125366544	The Treaty of Paris	failed to restore NA territory to France
125366545	Shay's rebellin	led to conservative nationalists to insist on a stronger central gv't
125366546	The "purely federal" principles i ntroduced by William Paterson became known as the	NJ Plan
125366547	The Father of the Constitution is	James Madison
125366548	The delegates who met in Piladelphia in 1787 belonged to	a social elite that distrusted democracy
125373176	The Great Compromise included all of the following agreements EXCEPT	an immediate end to the slave trade
125373177	The Anti-Federalists	believed in Montesquieu's argument that republics suceed onlyin small countries
125373178	The Bill of Rights primarly protects	the individual from the gov't and the majority
125373179	NY voted to ratify the constitution following	a threat by NYC that it would secede from the state
125373180	The US supreme court under chief justuce john jay	strengthened it's own role by establishing itself as the final authority on law
125373181	Hamilton's fiscal program	gave wealthy americans an interest in the gov't's sucess
125373182	Washinton issued a proclamation of neutrality in April 1793 because	he feared that Ambassador Genet's activites would bring was with Britain
125373183	Following the end of the war for independence, the US had trouble gaining the land from the Treaty of paris because	Spain reasserted its claim to the area south of the ohio river
125373184	The supression of the whiskey rebellion did not`	include the nationsl gov't proving that protesters had no legitimate complaint
125373185	Jay's treaty and Pinckney's treat	together allowed the US to fully control the land to the Mississippi
125373186	The 2nd major component of Hamilton's fiscal program established	a federal bank
125373187	In his farewell address, Washington	argued for as little political connection to Europe as possible
125373188	The Federalist-controlled Congress passed the Alien and Sedition acts because	Federalists argued that political opposistion to the administration was treason
125373189	During the 1790s, the US began to develop a more democratic politicl culture as shown by	four states dropping the property qualifications to vote
125373190	Who led the jeffersonian republicans following the retirement of madison	Alber Gallatin
125373191	American artists in the late 18th centuryDID NOT include	Thomas Gainsboroguh
125382933	pre-industrial rural societies were not places where	products were priced based on what the market would bear
125382934	system f payment that exchanges goods rather than money is	a barter system
125382935	The Transportation revolution did NOT	show the innovative genius f americans
125382936	The map of the commercial links with canals and railroads as f 1850s shows that the	North had more canals than the South
125382937	The Erie canal	set off a canal-building boom in other states
125382938	Steamboats	caused one of the first public demands for gov't regulation
125382939	In New Englan, these two conditions for rapid industrialization could be found	swift rivers and wealthy investors
125382940	The development of commercial agriculture in the old NW did not involve	independence from east coast bankers because of distance
125382941	Interchangable parts	became famous with the rifle from Springfield
125382942	Mechanization	led to more piecework, longer hours, and lower pay for women
125382943	in the middle class household, home became known as	a haven for leisure and relaxation
125382944	One of the effects of that market revolution on social class	was that created a new middle class
125382945	Paid jobs for women did not include (in the preindustrial world)	teaching
125382946	While many staes had cotton mills, the region with the highest concentration os them by the 1830's was	New England
125382947	Strikes in the 1820s and 30s	were responses to cuts in wages, often for women
125382948	The evangelical religion of Charles G Finney and the 2nd Great Awaking emphasized that	a desire to be saved as shown by moral behavior was enough
125382949	One of the effects of the market revolution on families was that	it required men to have different roles and cooperate with each other
125382950	In his Walden, Henry David Thoreau	questioned the spiritual cost f the market revolution
125382951	After the mr, men no longer worked in their homes, and the area of activity left to women became known as the	women's sphere
125382952	Sentimentalism was not spread through	sermons advocating individualisn
125382953	Russian exploration did not cause	epidemic diseases that destroyed a considerable portion of the native Aleut
125388683	The Fench Revolution Did NOT aid the American economy by	increasing the overseas market for american manufactured goods
125388684	Jefferson advocated a policy f national expansion for reasons that did not include	"only a large country would be able to amass the military power and defend itself"
125388685	Expansionism did not include	stable communities and a strong sense of the public good
125388686	Jefferson did not reach his goqal of reducing the size of government by	removing Spain from contol of the Mississippi
125388687	Marbury v Madison was important because it established the principle of	judicial review
125388688	Jefferson explained buying the lousianna purchase by arguing that	the land would ensure liberty and the existence of the republic
125388689	the map featuring the lousiana purchase shows that lusiana did not include	texas
125388690	the US argued that it's neutral rights were not being violated by	boycotts of products and ships
125458429	the Embargo Act was	an extreme effort that hurt the americans more than the europeans
125458430	Tecumseh	rejected treaties because all land belonged to the indian people and no one could give away the common property of all
125458431	The battle of Tippecanoe	made William Henry Harrison a hero to white Americans
125458432	The War Hawks didn't want to	take Texas
125458433	Andrew Jackson wasn't known for	killing Tecumseh at hte Thames river
125458434	The Treaty of Ghent	settled almost none of the outstanding issues
125458435	The major migration routes westward showed that	each secton of the country had it's own route west
125458436	Monroe's adoption of the american system in 1816 shows that	both parties had accepted the idea that the gov't should promote economic growth
125458437	The Adams-Onis Treaty (Transcontinental treaty of 1819	drew the border with spanish territory to the pacific
125458438	The Monroe Doctrine did not	stipulate that the Europeans must remove all colonies in the Americas
125458439	The Missouri compromise	severely criticized the desires of Missouri for the national interest.
125704250	The cotton gin was important because it	meant the demand for land among Southerners would increase
125704251	The land booms and rapid moverment into the Old Southwest did not	benefit the whole range of southern people
125704252	The probability of cotton did not lead to	the South's decision not to invest in railroads and factories
125704253	The map showing westward expansion by the South up to 1850 shows that	Southerners had added six states by 1821 to the North's four
125704254	The increase in cotton production in the Lower South	led to a thriving internal slave trade, dividing families
125704255	The internal slave trade after 1820	involved little humane feeling but generated high profits
125704256	The _________ group of slaves were the most likely to run away or organize mass desertions	House Servants
125704257	Fieldwork on the plantations	was labor commonly enforced by the overseer's whip
125704258	In the early 18th century, ______ percent of slaves worked in the field	75%
125704259	The effects of slavery on marriage in the south did not	use slave marriages as a control mechanism
125704260	Christianity for African Americans	was a religion of spiritual freedom that helped blacks survive oppression
125704261	Leaders of slave revolts in the 19th century included	Gabriel Prosser, Nat Turner and Denmark Vessey
125704262	Nat Turner's rebellion of 1831 caused a major reaction in the South, but did not happen as a result of	Turner having visions
125704263	The middle class in the South in the first half of the nineteenth century	was viewed as grubby and dependent by planters
125704264	The life of yeoman farmers in the South was NOT characterized by a	compulsion to prove one's worth by working for material success
125704265	____,______-, and _______ became major river-centric shipping centers for agricultural goods	St. Louis, Louisville, New Orleans, and Memphis
125704266	Large plantation owners usually	were the sons of rich southerners
125704267	The idea of the platation as being a family was violated by	the forcible rape of black women by their masters
125704268	The measures taken by southerners after 1831 to control slaves more tightlydid not include	proposing measures to prevent expansion, thereby isolating the South
125704269	By 1850,_____ and _____ had more enslaved blacks than they did free whites	South Carolina and Mississippi
125704270	The New Yorker who established the Albany Regency was	Martin Van Buren
125704271	The election of 1824 did not become controversial because	adams and clay abused the system
125704272	the new popular democratic culture of the 1820s and 1830s	favoured candidates with name recognition and a popular image
125704273	Andrew Jackson was elected in 1828 NOT because of his	political experience and thoughtful posistion on issues
125704274	Henry Clay's American system did not propose a	national observatory
125704275	The issue of the 1820s and 1830s tht came to represent conflicting sectional interests most was the	protective tariff
125704276	Calhoun supported the doctrine of nullification because	he saw it as a way to protect the rights of minorities