Chapter 20 DNA Technology Flashcards

Chapter 20: DNA Technology and Genomics Vocab

135427784	recombinant DNA	DNA derived from two different sources
135427785	genetic engineering	the direct manipulation of genes
135427786	Biotechnology	the manipulation of organisms or their components to make useful products
135427787	gene cloning	The process of preparing well defined, gene sized pieces of DNA in multiple identical copies
135427788	clone	identical cell
135427789	restriction enzymes	enzymes that cut DNA at a specific sequence of nucleotides
135427790	sticky end	an end of DNA in which one strand of the double helix extends a few units beyond the other
135427791	DNA ligase	Enzyme that catalyzes t he formation of covalent bonds in the sugar-phosphate backbone
135427792	restriction site	the specific site at which a restriction enzyme will cleave DNA
135427793	restriction fragments	DNA segments resulting from cutting of DNA by a restriction enzyme
135427794	cloning vector	the original plasmid
137674553	nucleic acid hybridization	a gene is detected by its ability to base pair with a complementary sequence.
137674554	nucleic acid probe	short strand of RNA or DNA (single strand). hydrogen bonds with gene in nucleic acid hybridization. labeled with radioactive or fluorescent tag.
137674555	denaturation	the separation of the two strands of DNA in a cell.
137674556	genomic library	the complete set of plasmid clones, each carrying copies of a particular segment from the initial genome.
137674557	complementary DNA	cDNA. double stranded DNA.
137674558	cDNA library	collection of cDNA clones, only part of the genome.