AP Psych Semester 1 Exam Flashcards

1121482949	Structuralism	using these introspective reports to build a new of the mind's structure; views that all mental experiences can be understood as a combination of simple evens -Edward Titchener
1121482950	functionalism	psychological processes have a function; helping us survive as individuals, adapt as species -William James
1121482951	Gestalt psychology	"whole" assumes that psychological phenomenon must be viewed as a whole, not as individual elements
1121482952	operational definition	tells how variable will be measured
1121482953	valid	accurate
1121482954	reliable	consistent
1121482955	false consensus effect	tendency to overestimate the extent which others share our beliefs and behaviors
1121482956	illusory correlation	perception of a relationship were none exists
1121482957	independent variable	manipulated by researcher
1121482958	dependent variable	changes in response to manipulations of IV
1121482959	confounding variables	variables/situations other than IV that affect outcome
1121482960	standard deviation	look at range
1121482961	statistical significance	how likely it is that a result occurred by chance
1121487219	agonist	mimics neurotransmitter
1121487220	antagonist	blocks neurotransmitter
1121489317	rooting reflex	mouth- looking for food
1121489318	Moro reflex	arms flair out, come back in
1121489319	Babinski reflex	stroke babies feet, toes curl
1121496501	conservation	ability to understand a quality is conserved even when it is arranged in a different shape
1121496502	Konrad Lorenz	imprinting with goslings
1121496503	Harry Harlow	monkey with wire mother- body contact
1121496504	Mary Ainsworth	researched attachment
1121504680	Carol Gilligan	worked with Kohlberg, boys vs. girl differ
1121504681	Piaget	cognitive development
1121504682	Kohlberg	moral development
1121504683	Erikson	psychosocial
1121504684	Freud	psychosexual
1121508308	Ross-Kessler	grief
1121508309	prospective memory	remembering to remember
1121508310	fluid intelligence	ability to reason speedily and abstractly
1121508311	social clock	culturally preferred timing of social events
1122633518	bottom-up processing	featured analysis using features of an object to build a perception
1122633519	top-down processing	filling in gaps in what we sense by drawing on our experiences and expectations
1122633520	perceptual set	predisposition to perceiving something in a certain way based on schemata
1122633521	sensory adaption	diminished sensitivity as consequence of constant stimulation- CANNOT recapture initial stimulus!
1122633522	sensory habituation	decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation- CAN recapture stimulus!
1122633523	wavelength/frequency- vision	determines hue
1122633524	intensity/amplitude	determines brightness
1122633525	wavelength/frequency-audition	pitch
1122633526	intensity/amplitude/height-audition	loudness
1122633527	kinesthetic sense	keeps track of overall position and orientation of specific body parts
1122633528	vestibular sense	sense of body movement and position
1122666144	relative size	smaller image is more distant
1122666145	interposition	closer object blocks distant object
1122666146	relative clarity	hazy object seen as more distant
1122666147	texture gradient	closer objects in detail; farther objects not
1122666148	relative height	higher object seen as more distant
1122666149	relative motion	closer objects seem to move faster
1122666150	linear perspective	parallel lines converge with distance
1122666151	relative brightness	closer objects appear brighter
1122666152	phi phenomenon	series of light bulbs turned on/off at a particular rate seem to be one moving light (Christmas lights)
1122666153	autokinetic effect	if a spotlight is projected steadily onto same place of wall in dark room, it will seem to move
1123945028	Ponzu effect	if two objects look similar in size, the one in the distance must be bigger