APUSH Chapter 18: Renewing the Sectional Struggle, 1848-1854 Flashcards

1041831773	In order to maintain the two great political parties as vital bonds of national unity,	party leaders avoided public discussion of slavery
1041831775	The United States' victory in the Mexican War resulted in:	a. Renewed controversy over the issue of extending slavery into the territories b. A possible split in the Whig and Democratic parties over slavery c. The cession by Mexico of an enormous amount of land to the United States d. A rush of settlers to new American territory in California
1041831777	The Wilmot Proviso, if adopted, would have prohibited slavery in	any territory acquired in the Mexican War
1041831779	The debate over slavery in the Mexican Cession threatened to	split national politics along North-South lines.
1041831782	in 1848, the Free Soil Party platform advocated the following:	a. Support of the Wilmot Proviso b. Federal aid for internal improvements c. Free government homesteads for settlers d. Opposition to slavery in the territory
1041831785	According to the principle of "Popular Sovereignty", the question of slavery in the territories would be determined by	the vote of the people in any given territory
1041831787	The public liked popular sovereignty because	it fit in with the democratic tradition of self-determination
1041831790	In the 1848 presidential election, the Democratic and Whig parties remained silent on the issue of	slavery
1041831792	The key focus for the major parties in the 1848 presidential election was	personalities
1041831794	The event that brought turmoil to the administration of Zachary Taylor was	the discovery of gold in California
1041831796	The Free Soilers argued that slavery would	cost more costly wage labor to wither away
1041831797	Of the people going California during the gold rush, a distressingly high proportion were	lawless men
1041831798	The Free Soilers condemned slavery because	it destroyed the chances of free white workers to rise to self-employment
1041831799	By 1850, the South was relatively well off,	politically and economically
1041831800	Harriet Tubman gained fame by	helping slaves escape to Canada
1041831801	During the 1850s, slaves probably gained their freedom most frequently by	self-purchase
1041831802	John C. Calhoun's plan to protect the South and slavery involved the election of two presidents, one from the _____ and one from the _____	North, South
1041831803	Daniel Webster's famed Seventh of March speech in 1850 resulted in	a shift toward compromise in the North
1041831804	In his Seventh of March speech, Daniel Webster	urged reasonable concession to the South
1041831805	For his position in his Seventh of March Speech, Daniel Webster	was viciously condemned by abolitionists
1041831806	The Young Guard from the North were most interested in	purging and purifying the Union
1041831807	In the debates of 1850,Senator William h. Seward, as a representative of the northern Young Guard, argued that	Christian legislators must obey God's moral law
1041831808	During the debate of 1850, William H. Seward argued that there was a "higher law" than the Constitution that compelled him to	demand the exclusion of slavery from the territories
1041831809	An event which helped the cause of compromise in 1850, was when President Zachary Taylor died suddenly and	Millard Fillmore became president
1041831810	Southern delegates met at convention In Nashville in the summer of 1850 to	condemn the compromises being worked out in Congress
1041831811	In the Compromise of 1850, Congress determined that slavery in the New Mexico and Utah territories was to be decided by	popular sovereignty
1041831812	The most alarming aspect of the Compromise of 1850 to northerners was	the decision concerning the new Fugitive Slave Law
1041831813	The Fugitive Slave Law included the following:	a. Denial of a jury trial to runaway slaves b. Denial of fleeing slaves' right to testify on their own behalf c. The penalty of imprisonment for northerners who helped slaves to escape d. A higher payment if officials determined blacks to be runaways
1041831814	Many Northern states passed "Personal Liberty Laws" in response to the Compromise of 1850's provision regarding	runaway slaves
1041831815	In light of future evidence, it seems apparent that in the Compromise of 1850, the South made a tactical blunder by	demanding a strong fugitive slave law
1041831816	The fatal split in the Whig part in 1852 occurred over	slavery
1041831817	The election of 1852 was significant because	it marked the end of the Whig party
1041831818	For a short time in the 1850s, William Walker, an American adventurer, seized control of	Nicaragua
1041831819	The man who opened Japan to the United States was	Mathew Perry
1041831820	in 1850, rebuffed as buyers, some Southern adventurers undertook to shake the tree of Manifest Destiny by attempting to	seize Cuba by force
1041831821	The United States scheme to gain control of Cuba was stopped when	northern free-soilers fiercely protested the effort.
1041831822	Some Southerners felt Cuba would be an enticing prospect for annexation for the following reasons:	a. It was a sugar-rich and economically productive territory b. It already had a large population of enslaved blacks c. It could be carved into several states, restoring political balance in the Senate d. It was located just off the nation's doorstep
1041831823	On July 3, 1844, the first formal diplomatic agreement between the United States and China was the	Treaty of Wanghia
1041831824	A scheme to acquire Cuba from Spain in the 1850's was known as the	Ostend Manifest
1041831825	Most American leaders believe that the only way to keep the new Pacific Coast territories from breaking away from the United States was to	construct a transcontinental railroad
1041831826	A Southern route for the transcontinental railroad seemed the best because	the railroad would be easier to build in this area
1041831827	Stephen A. Douglas proposed that the question of slavery in the Kansas-Nebraska Territory be decided by	popular sovereignty
1041831828	Stephen A. Douglas's plans for deciding the slavery question in the Kansas-Nebraska scheme required repeal of the	Missouri Compromise
1041831829	One of Stephen Douglas's mistakes in proposing the Kansas-Nebraska Act was	underestimating the depth of northern opposition to the spread of slavery.