Biology: Cells & Organelles Flashcards
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| 215825845 | cell | (biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms |  |
| 215825846 | cyto- | cell | |
| 216332926 | organelle | specialized structure that performs important cellular functions within a cell | |
| 216332927 | nucleus | a part of the cell containing DNA, surrounded by a double membrane |  |
| 216332928 | endoplasmic reticulum (ER) | an internal membrane system in which components of cell membrane (smooth ER) and some proteins (rough ER) are constructed |  |
| 216332929 | Golgi Apparatus | a structure in a cell that receives proteins and other newly formed materials from the endoplasmic reticulum, packages them, and distributes them to other parts of the cell; AKA Golgi Apparatus, Golgi Complex |  |
| 216332930 | ribosome | An organelle that functions in the synthesis of proteins |  |
| 216332931 | cell membrane | thin, flexible barrier around a cell; regulates what enters and leaves the cell; AKA plasma membrane |  |
| 216332932 | cell wall | a rigid layer of material that surrounds the cells of plants, bacteria, fungi and some protists; absent in animal cells |  |
| 216332933 | cytoplasm | The region of the cell between the cell membrane and the nucleus; contains most organelles and cytosol |  |
| 216332934 | cytoskeleton | a microscopic network of actin filaments and microtubules in the cytoplasm of many living cells that gives the cell shape and allows movement of organelles and the cell itself |  |
| 216332935 | mitochondrion | an organelle that transfers energy from organic compounds to ATP; plural mitochondria; contain DNA and ribosomes separate from nucleus; derived from endosymbiosis of heterotrophic bacteria |  |
| 216332936 | chloroplast | organelle found in cells of plants and some protists that captures energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy; contain DNA and ribosomes separate from nucleus; derived from endosymbiosis of photosynthetic bacteria |  |
| 216332937 | vesicle | generic name for a storage organelle |  |
| 216332938 | flagellum | a whip-like appendage used for locomotion (e.g., in sperm cells and some bacteria and protozoa); plural flagella |  |
| 216332939 | cilium | a hairlike projection from the surface of a cell; plural cilia |  |
| 216332940 | central vacuole | a large vacuole that rests at the center of most plant cells and is filled with a solution that contains a high concentration of solutes |  |
| 988828764 | centriole | organelle that aids in cell division; found in only animal cells |  |