AP psych chapter 12/13 motivation and emotion Flashcards
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| 59423395 | motivation | a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior | |
| 59423396 | instinct | a complex behavior that is rigidly patterend throughout a species and is unlearned | |
| 59423397 | drive-reduction theory | the idea that a physiological need creates an aroused tension state that motivates an organism to satisfy the need (need -->drive-->behavior) | |
| 59423398 | homeostasis | a tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state, the regulation of any aspect of body chemistry (ex. blood glucose at certain level) | |
| 59423399 | incentive | a positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behavior | |
| 59423400 | Abraham Maslow | psychologist who developed hierarchy of needs | |
| 59423401 | hierarchy of needs | pyramid of human needs, takes a lifetime to reach full self actualization. begins with physiological needs | |
| 59423402 | glucose | form of sugar that circulates in the blood ang provides the major source of energy for body tissues | |
| 59423403 | lateral hypothalamus | part of brain that brings on hunger, when destroyed have no interest in food | |
| 59423404 | ventromedial hypothalamus | part of brain that depresses hunger, when destroyed cannot feel full/wont stop eating | |
| 59423405 | leptin | protein hormone that controls energy and hunger | |
| 59423406 | set point | when the body falls below this weight, an increase in hunger and lowered metabolic rate may act to restore the lost weight | |
| 59423407 | basal metabolic rate | the body's resting rate of energy expenditure | |
| 59423408 | anorexia nervosa | an eating disorder in which a person diets/ does not eat at all. falls below 15% underweight. still feels fat. | |
| 59423409 | bulimia nervosa | an eating disorder in which a person overeats and binges then perges, vomitting, laxative, fasting | |
| 59423410 | sexual response cycle | excitement, plateau, orgasm, resolution descried by masters and johnson | |
| 59423411 | estrogen | a sex hormone, secreted in larger amounts in females, nonhuman peaks during ovulation | |
| 59423412 | testosterone | most important male sex hormone, both males and females have it, stimulates growth of the male sex organs and characteristics during puberty | |
| 59423413 | sexual disorders | problems/complications with sex | |
| 59423414 | sexual orientation | an enduring sexual attraction toward members of either one's own sex (homosexuality) or other sex (heterosexuality) | |
| 59423415 | flow | involved focused state of consciousness, diminished awareness of self and time | |
| 59423416 | achievement motivation | a desire for significant accomplishment, mastery of things, people or ideas, for attaining a high standard | |
| 59423417 | intrinsic motivation | self motivated, internal | |
| 59423418 | extrinsic motivation | motivated by outside object or reward external | |
| 59423419 | industrial-organizational psychology | application of psychological concepts and methods to optimizing human behavior in workplace | |
| 59423420 | personnel psychology | subfield of industrial organizational psych, focuses on employee recruitment, selection, placement, training etc. | |
| 59423421 | organizational psychology | subfield of industrial organizational psych examines organizational influences on worker satisfaction | |
| 59423422 | task leadership | goal oriented leadership. sets standards and trys to reach goal | |
| 59423423 | social leadership | group oriented leadership builds teamwork mediates conflict | |
| 59423424 | Theory X | suggests people work for extrinsic reasons | |
| 59423425 | Theory Y | suggests people work for intrinsic reasons | |
| 59423426 | James-Lange theory | theory that experience of emotion is physiological response to emotion arousing stimuli. stimulus-->phys. arousal=emotion | |
| 59423427 | Cannon-Bard theory | theory that emotion arousing stimulus simultaneously triggers physiological response and experience of emotion. stimulus-->phys. arousal+emotion | |
| 59423428 | Schacter's two-factor theory (Schacter/Singer) | theory that to experience emotion one must be physically aroused and cognitively label the arousal. stimulus-->phys. arousal+cog. label=emotion | |
| 59423429 | Robert Zajonc | psychologist who said saying phonemes e and ah activate smiling muscles which puts people in a better mood | |
| 59423430 | Joseph LeDoux | psychologist who believed that some of our emotional reactions involve no deliberate thinking and cognition is not always necessary for emotion | |
| 59423431 | catharsis | emotional release. releasing aggressive energy through action or fantasy relieves aggressive erges | |
| 59423432 | feel good, do good phenomenon | people's tendency to be helpful when already in a good mood | |
| 59423433 | subjective well-being | self-percieved happiness or satisfaction with life. | |
| 59423434 | adaption-level phenomenon | our tendency to form judgements of sounds, lights, income, relative to a neutral level defined by past experience | |
| 59423435 | physiological needs, safety needs, belongingness needs, esteem needs, self-actualization needs | what went in maslow's pyramid of human needs? (from bottom to top) | |
| 59423436 | insulin | secreted by the pancreas | |
| 59423437 | 15% underweight | what percent underweight must a person be to be categorized as having anorexia nervosa. | |
| 59423438 | 1. excitement 2. plateau 3. orgasm 4. resolution | 4 stages of sexual response cycle? | |
| 59423439 | refractory period | resting period after orgasm, during which man cannot achieve another orgasm | |
| 59423440 | emotion | a response of the whole organism involving physiological arousal expressive behaviors and conscious experience | |
| 59423441 | relative deprivation | the sense that we are worse off than others with whom we compare ourselves to. | |
| 59423521 | opponent process theory | arousal theory |