Colonial History (1600-1763) 1. Separatist vs. non-Separatist Puritans: Radical Calvinists against the Church of England; Separatists (Pilgrims) argued for a break?from the Church of England, led the Mayflower, and established the settlement at Plymouth 2. Northwest Passage: believed to provide shortcut from Atlantic to Pacific, searched for by Giovanni de Verrazano for Francis I in the race to Asian wealth 3. Conversion Experience: required of members of the Puritan Church; took the place of baptism required by the Catholic Church 4. Social Reciprocity: society naturally punishes criminals indiscriminately 5. Church of England: Protestant church led by the king of England, independent of Catholic Church; tended toward Catholicism during reign of Catholic royalty