Chapter 24 An Age of Modernity, Anxiety, and Imperialism, 1894-1914 Toward the Modern Consciousness: Intellectual and Cultural Developments Developments in the Sciences: The Emergence of a New Physics Classical Newtonian Physics: universe = giant machine; matter = indivisible atoms Marie & Pierre Curie: discovered element radium giving off radiation concluded that atoms contained subatomic particles behaving randomly Max Planck: energy is radiated discontinuously in packets called ?quanta? quantum theory raised fundamental questions about the subatomic realm of the atom Albert Einstein ?The Electro-dynamics of Moving Bodies?: special theory of relativity = space & time relative to the observer, interwoven into 4-D space-time continuum