CLEP Western Civilization 1: Middle Ages P. 2 Flashcards

673808287	Pope Leo I (440 - 461)	Talked Attila the Hun out of sacking Rome.
673808288	St. Gregory I (The Great) (590 - 604)	The first "Doctor of the Church". He wrote Moralia (Book of Job) and Dialogues which descibed the life of St. Benedict.
673808289	St. Benedict of Nursia	Established the Benedictine Rule.
673808290	Iconoclastic Controversy	A controversy that arose in the Greek Church in the eighth and ninth centuries when Byzantine Emperor Leo III (717 - 741) forbade the use of icons (images of saints), which he condemned as idolatry.
673808291	The Filioque Controversy	A controversy that arose as a result of the popes adding a clause to the Nicene Creed giving the Son of God a greater role than the origonal creed stated.
673808292	Peace and Truce of God	Two movements made by the Pope to limit violence.
673808293	Benefices	Lands granted to soldiers by the Carolingians. In 1000 the grants of land became hereditary and were called fiefs.
673808294	Classical Feudalism	A Lord gave a fief to a Vassal and in return got military service.
673808295	The Cluniacs	Started a monastic reform in eastern France around 1200.
673808296	Pope John XII (955 - 964)	Became pontiff at age 18 and was known for his sinful behavior and crowning German ruler Otto I Holy Roman Emperor in 962.
673808297	Pope Sylvester II (999 - 1003)	Was appointed pope by Otto III (996 - 1002) and was committed to reform. However, people thought he was a magician in league with the devil.
673808298	College of Cardinals	Established in 1059 to elect the popes.
673808299	Concordat of Worms	An agreement settling the dispute over the appointment of bishops (Investiture Controversy).
673808300	Lombard League	Italian city-states that defeated Frederick I Barbarossa (1152 - 1190) in 1176.
673808301	The Great Interregnum	A time in which there was no Emperor on the throne of the Holy Roman Empire.
673808302	Rudolph I Hapsburg (1273 - 1291) of Austria	Ended the Great Interregnum when the German nobles elected him Holy Roman Emperor. The first of the Hapsburg dynasty.
673808303	The Golden Bull (1356)	Issued by Charles IV of Luxemburg (1347 - 1378), it fixed an electoral college of seven members to elect the emperor. Charles hoped to prevent popes from meddling in imperial elections.
673808304	Wessex	Unified the seven Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of Britain in the tenth century.
673808305	Alfred the Great (871 - 899)	Led the resistance against the Danish Vikings and was Wessex's most illustrious ruler.
673808306	Domesday Book	A survey by William the Conqueror in order to determine taxes accuratey.
673808307	County of Anjou and Duchy of Normandy	Land inherited by Henry II (1154 - 1189).
673808308	Magna Carta (1215)	A concession made by John I, younger brother of Richard the Lion Hearted, and guaranteed the protection of feudal privileges.
673808309	Parliament (1265 - )	Divided in two sections in the fourteenth century: House of Commons and House of Lords.
673808310	Louis IX (1226 - 1270)	Participated in the crusades and was made a saint after his death.
673808311	Philip IV the Fair (1285 - 1314)	Strengthened the French Monarchy but was very temperamental. He caused the death of Pope Boniface VIII (1296 - 1303) and expelled the Jews from France and seized their property.