The American Pageant - Chapter 31 Flashcards

Chapter 31 Vocab from The American Pageant

1195530960	Bolshevik Revolution	The overthrow of Russia's Provisional Government in the fall of 1917 by Lenin and his Bolshevik forces, made possible by the government's continuing defeat in the war, its failure to bring political reform, and a further decline in the conditions of everyday life.
1195530961	red scare	Most instense outbreak of national alarm, began in 1919. Success of communists in Russia, American radicals embracing communism followed by a series of mail bombings frightened Americans. Attorney General A. MItchell Palmer led effort to deport aliens without due processs, with widespread support. Did not last long as some Americans came to their senses. Sacco/Vanzetti trial demonstrated anti-foreign feeling in 20's. Accused of armed robbery & murder, had alibis. "Those anarchists bastards". Sentenced to death and executed.
1195530962	criminal syndicalism laws	Passed by many states during the Red Scare of 1919-1920, these nefarious laws outlawed the mere advocacy of violence to secure social change. Stump speakers for the International Workers of the World, or IWW, were special targets.
1195530963	American plan	Term that some U.S. employers in the 1920s used to describe their policy of refusing to negotiate with unions. Demonstrated laissez-faire economics.
1195530964	Ku Klux Klan	founded in the 1860s in the south; meant to control newly freed slaves through threats and violence; other targets: Catholics, Jews, immigrants and others thought to be un-American
1195530965	Bible Belt	The region of the American South, extending roughly from North Carolina west to Oklahoma and Texas, where Protestant Fundamentalism and belief in literal interpretation of the Bible were traditionally strongest.
1195530966	Immigration Act of 1924	Also known as the Johnson-Reed Act. Federal law limiting the number of immigrants that could be admitted from any country to 2% of the amount of people from that country who were already living in the U.S. as of the census of 1890.
1195530967	18th Amendment	Prohibited the manufacture, sale, and distribution of alcoholic beverages
1195530968	Volstead Act	The Act specified that "no person shall manufacture, sell, barter, transport, import, export, deliver, furnish or possess any intoxicating liquor except as authorized by this act." It did not specifically prohibit the purchase or use of intoxicating liquors
1195530969	racketeers	a person who engages in dishonest and fraudulent business dealings
1195530970	Fundamentalism	Literal interpretation and strict adherence to basic principles of a religion (or a religious branch, denomination, or sect).
1195530971	Scientific Management	a management theory using efficiency experts to examine each work operations and find ways to minimize the time needed to complete it
1195530972	Fordism	principles for mass production based on assembly-line techniques, scientific management, mass consumption based on higher wages, and sophisticated advertising techniques, attributed to Henry Ford
1195530973	United Negro Improvement Association	A group founded by Marcus Garvey to promote the settlement of American blacks in their own "African homeland"