Chapter 23 Campbell Reece Biology 8th Edition Flashcards

Vocabulary words for Chapter 23 of Campbell Reece Biology 8th Edition for AP Biology.

1205458309	No Mutations Random Mating No Natural Selection Extremely Large Population Size No Gene Flow	Conditions for Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium
1205458310	Genetic Drift, Gene Flow, Natural Selection, Mutations, and Nonrandom mating	Major Factors that alter allele frequencies
1205458311	Diploidy and Balancing Selection	How genetic variation is preserved
1205458312	Genetic Drift	Changes in allele frequencies in small populations Bottleneck Effect Founder Effect
1205458313	Gene Flow	The movement of individuals and/or alleles in and out of a population
1205458314	Natural Selection	Occurs when some individuals contribute more offspring than do others
1205458315	Diploidy	Recessive alleles are hidden from selection in heterozygous genotypes
1205458316	Balancing Selection	Natural Selection maintains two or more forms in population Hetero-zygote Advantage Frequency-Dependent Selection
1205458317	Hetero-zygote Advantage	Sometimes heterozygous individuals are more fit than homozygous individuals Sickle Cell Anemia
1205458318	Frequency-dependent selection	Fitness of a phenotype declines if it becomes too common
1205458319	Balanced Polymorphism	More than one favorable traits for the environment
1205458320	Bottleneck Effect	A disaster might create a smaller population from a larger one, and the small population's gene pool might not be representative of the original gene pool
1205458321	Stabilizing Selection	Acts against extreme phenotypes and favors intermediate phenotypes. If a population of mice lives in an environment that consists of rocks of an intermediate color, both light and dark mice will be selected against. In humans, human babies weigh between 3-4 kg at birth
1205458322	Directional Selection	Shifts frequency curve toward rarer phenotype than the average common phenotype. Darker mice will be favored in an environment of dark rocks, because the darker fur color conceals them from predators
1205458323	Diversifying Selection	Favors individuals on both ends of a phenotypic range over intermediate phenotypes. If a population of mice colonizes a patchy habitat made of light and dark rocks, mice of an intermediate color are at a disadvantage.
1205458324	Founder Effect	A few individuals might become isolated from a larger population, and the smaller population may not have all the alleles found among members of its source population