Government Exam- Unit 1 Foundation of Government Flashcards

1528762059	Declaration of Independence	the document recording the proclamation of the second Continental Congress (4 July 1776) asserting the independence of the colonies from Great Britain	1
1528762060	Limited Government	Basic principle of American government which states that government is restricted in what it may do, and each individual has rights that government cannot take away	2
1528762061	Unlimited Government	A government in which no limits are imposed on the ruler's authority. The leaders don't have to follow the same laws as everyone else.	3
1528762062	Divine Rights of Kings	A theory that assumed that God appointed all monarchs to rule on his behalf. Therefore, any policy, decree, plan, or approach adopted by royalty could not be questioned or disobeyed.	4
1528762063	Representative Democracy	A system of government in which citizens elect representatives, or leaders, to make decisions about the laws for all the people.	5
1528762064	Autocracy	A government in which the ruler has unlimited power and uses it in an arbitrary manner.	6
1528762065	Oligarchy	A government ruled by a few powerful people	7
1528762066	Socialism	A system in which society, usually in the form of the government, owns and controls the means of production.	8
1528762067	Communism	A political system in which the government owns all property and dominates all aspects of life in a country.	9
1528762068	John Locke	(1632-1704) Political theorist who defended the Glorious Revolution with the argument that all people are born with certain natural rights to life, liberty, and property.	10
1528762069	Adam Smith	(1723-90) Economist and philosopher, born in Kirkcaldy, Fife, E Scotland, UK. He studied at Glasgow and Oxford, lectured in Edinburgh, and became professor of logic at Glasgow (1751), but took up the chair of moral philosophy the following year. In 1776 he moved to London, where he published An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (1776), the first major work of political economy. This examined in detail the consequences of economic freedom, such as division of labour, the function of markets, and the international implications of a laissez-faire economy. His appointment as commissioner of customs in 1778 took him back to Edinburgh.	11