AP Human Geography unit 1 vocab Flashcards

197132067	anthropogenic	human-induced environmental changes	1
197132068	cartography	map-making	2
197132069	cultural ecology	study of interactions between societies and their environments	3
197151660	cultural landscape	human-modified natural landscape, contains a society's imprint	4
197132070	earth system science	interaction between Earth's physical systems and processes on a global scale	5
197132071	environmental geography	spatial impact of humans on environment and vice-versa	6
197132072	Eratosthenes	circumference, "geography"	7
197132073	Fertile Crescent	present-day Iraq, early culture and civilization	8
197132074	Geographical Information System	uses thematic layers to show geographic data	9
197132075	Global Positioning System	determine location anywhere using lat. and long.	10
197132076	idiographic	pertaining to characteristics of a specific place	11
197132077	George Perkins Marsh	destruction of environment, "tree hugger"	12
197132078	natural landscape	unaffected physical landscape	13
197132079	nomothetic	concepts that can be applied universally	14
197132080	W.D. Pattison	4 traditions: earth-science, man-land, spatial, and area-studies	15
197132081	physical geography	structures, processes, change of natural phenomena	16
197132082	Ptolemy	"Guide to Geography", grid system	17
197132083	qualitative data	data from observations/interperetations	18
197132084	quantitative data	mathematical/statistical data	19
197132085	quantitative revolution	widespread adoption of mathematical models/statistics	20
197132086	region	an area with similar physical/cultural attributes	21
197132087	regional geography	study of regions	22
197132088	remote sensing	captures images from airborne satellites	23
197132089	Carl Sauer	cultural landscapes	24
197132090	sense of place	feelings evoked by experiences of a certain place	25
197132091	spatial perspective	locations of phenomena, why, and how it's related to other places	26
197132092	sustainability	provide for people without diminishing ability to provide for future generations	27
197132093	systematic geography	Earth's integrated systems as a whole	28
197132094	thematic layers	GIS; overlaid to analyze spatial relationships	29
197151027	absolute distance	measurable distance	30
197151028	absolute location	exact position; grid system	31
197151029	accessibility	ease at which a destination can be reached	32
197151030	azimuthal projection	map projection in which the plane is the most developable surface	33
197151031	breaking point	outer edge of a city's sphere of influence	34
197151032	cartograms	thematic map where largest value is represented by relatively largest object/landmass	35
197151033	choropleth map	thematic map that uses tones or colors	36
197151034	cognitive map	mental map	37
197151035	complementarity	actual or potential economic relationship between two places	38
197151036	connectivity	degree of connection between two places	39
197151037	contagious diffusion	spread through direct contact with another person/place	40
197151038	coordinate system	grid used to determine absolute location	41
197151039	distance decay effect	distance increases, interaction decreases	42
197151041	dot maps	thematic map that shows precise locations of occurrences	43
197151043	expansion diffusion	spread of ideas through contact and exchange	44
197151045	friction of distance	measure of how much absolute distance affects interaction	45
197151047	Fuller projection	maintains size/shape, distorts cardinal directions	46
197151049	geoid	actual shape of Earth, squashed	47
197151051	gravity model	formula that describes level of interaction based on pop/distance	48
197151053	hazards	anything potentially threatening in the landscape	49
197151055	hierarchial diffusion	something is transmitted because of a common trait between two places	50
197151056	International Date Line	line of long. that marks where each new day begins	51
197151058	intervening opportunities	two places have equal opportunities, but one is closer	52
197151060	isoline	map line that connects points of equal or similar values	53
197151061	large-scale	higher resolution, covers smaller area	54
197151063	latitude	parallels	55
197151065	law of retail gravitation	people will be drawn to larger cities for business because of wider influence	56
197151067	location charts	on a map, stats on a political unit/jurisdiction	57
197151069	longitude	meridians	58
197151071	map projection	transferring Earth's sphere onto a flat surface, all have distortions	59
197151072	Mercator projection	maintains accurate direction, distorted land mass size	60
197151074	meridian	line of longitude	61
197151076	parallel	line of latitude	62
197151078	Peters Map Projection	cylinder, retains accurate size of landmasses	63
197151080	preference map	map with individual preferences of a certain place	64
197151082	prime meridian	0 degrees longitude	65
197151084	proportional symbols map	thematic map where size of a symbol indicates relative magnitude of a statistic	66
197151086	reference map	shows info for a particular place, easy to find landmarks/navigate	67
197151088	relative distance	distance in cost/time	68
197151090	relative location	location relative to surroundings	69
197151092	resolution	the smallest unit that shows up on a map	70
197151094	Robinson projection	balances projection errors, doesn't maintain size/shape/distance/direction	71
197151096	scale	ratio between size on a map and actual size	72
197151098	site	absolute location described by physical/cultural characteristics	73
197151100	situation	a place's spatial context	74
197151102	small-scale	depict large areas, map units:earth units is smaller	75
197151104	spatial diffusion	how phenomena travel over space	76
197151106	thematic map	map that displays one or more variables	77
197151108	time-space convergence	the idea that distance is shrinking between places because of technology/communication	78
197151110	topographic maps	use isolines to show constant elevation	79
197151111	topological space	amt. of connectivity, regardless of distance between places	80
197151113	transferability	cost of transportation of goods	81
197151115	visualization	use of software to create dynamic computer maps	82