Cell Membrane structure and function Flashcards

Cell organelles, their function; cell membrane structure and functions

616901372	Phospholipid	molecule that has both a hydrophillic region and hydrophobic region	1
616901373	Phospholipid bilayer	a double layer of phospholipids that makes up a plasma membrane	2
616901374	Integral Proteins	Proteins that extend through the phospholipid bilayer.	3
616901375	Peripheral Proteins	A protein loosely attached to the surface of a membrane	4
616901376	Selective Permeability	Allows some substances to cross more easily than others	5
616901377	Diffusion	the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, so that they spread out evenly reaching equilibrium	6
616901378	Osmosis	The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane	7
616901379	Concentration Gradient	a difference in the concentration of a substance across a space	8
616901380	Transport Proteins	proteins that help to transport substances across cell membranes	9
616901381	Passive Transport	movement of materials through a cell membrane without using energy	10
616901382	Isotonic	a solution whose solute concentration equals that inside a cell; the cell will not change	11
616901383	Hypertonic	the solution with the greater concentration of solutes than that inside the cell; the cell will lose water to its environment--> Cell will shrivel up	12
616901384	Hypotonic	the solution with the lower concentration of solutes than that inside the cell; water will enter the cell -> Cell will swell and burst	13
616901385	Facilitated Diffusion	passive transport of ions or polar molecules across a plasma membrane by transport proteins	14
616901386	Active Transport	transport of a substance through a cell membrane against the concentration gradient; requires energy	15
616901387	Sodium-Potassium Pump	a carrier protein that uses ATP to transport sodium ions out of a cell and potassium ions into the cell against the concentration gradient; active transport, requires energy	16
616901388	Exocytosis	process by which a cell releases large amounts of material by vesicles	17
616901389	Endocytosis	the movement of a substance into a cell by a vesicle	18
616901390	Prokaryotic cell	cell lacking a nucleus and most other organelles; found only in bacteria	19
616901391	Eukaryotic cell	cell with a nucleus (surrounded by its own membrane) and other membrane-bound organelles	20