Meyers AP Psychology: Unit 5 Flashcards

1122037826	Consciousness	Our awareness of ourselves and our environments.	1
1122037827	Circadian Rhythm	The biological clock; regular body rhythms (for example, of temperature and wakefulness) that occur on a 24 hr. cycle.	2
1122037828	REM Sleep	Rapid eye movement sleep; a recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur. Also known as paradoxical sleep, because the muscles are relaxed (except for minor twitches) but other body systems are active.	3
1122037829	Alpha Waves	The relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state.	4
1122037830	Sleep	Periodic, natural loss of consciousness - as distinct from unconsciousness resulting from a coma, general anesthesia, or hibernation.	5
1122037831	Hallucinations	False sensory experiences such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus.	6
1122037832	Delta Waves	The large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep.	7
1122037833	NREM Sleep	Non-rapid eye movement sleep; encompasses all sleep stages except for REM sleep.	8
1122037834	Insomnia	Recurring problems in falling or staying asleep.	9
1122037835	Narcolepsy	A sleep disorder characterized by uncontrolled sleep attacks. The sufferer may lapse directly into REM sleep, of at inopportune times.	10
1122037836	Sleep Apnea	A sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings.	11
1122037837	Night Terrors	A sleep disorder characterized by high arousal and appearance of being terrified; unlike nightmares, night terrors occur during Stage 4 sleep, within two or three hours of falling asleep, and are seldom remembered.	12
1122037838	Dreams	A sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping persons mind. Dreams are notable for their hallucinatory imagery, discontinuities, and incongruities, and for the dreamers delusional acceptance of the content and later difficulties remembering it.	13
1122037839	Manifest Content	According to Freud, the remembered story line of a dream (as distinct from its latent, or hidden context).	14
1122037840	Lantent Content	According to Freud, the underlying meaning of a dream (as distinct from its manifest content).	15
1122037841	Activation-Synthesis Theory	Neural activity is random and dream's are the brains attempt to make sense of it.	16
1122037842	REM Rebound	The tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation (created by repeated awakenings during REM sleep).	17
1122037843	Hypnosis	A social interaction in which one person (the hypnotist) suggests to another (the subject) that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts, or behaviors will spontaneously occur.	18
1122037844	Posthypnotic Suggestions	A suggestion, made during a hypnosis session o be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotized; used by some eliminations to help control undesired symptoms and behaviors.	19
1122037845	Dissociation	A split in consciousness, which allows some thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneously with others.	20
1122037846	Psychoactive Drugs	A chemical substance that alters perceptions and moods.	21
1122037847	Tolerance	The diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of a drug, requiring the user to take larger and longer doses before experiencing the drugs effect.	22
1122037848	Withdrawal	The discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing the use of an addictive drug.	23
1122037849	Physical Dependence	A physiological need for a drug, marked by unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the drug is discontinued.	24
1122037850	Psychological Dependence	A psychological need to use a drug, such as to relieve negative emotions.	25
1122037851	Addiction	Compulsive drug craving and use, despite adverse consequences.	26
1122037852	Depressants	Drugs (such as alcohol, barbiturates, and opiates) that reduce neural activity and slow body functions.	27
1122037853	Barbiturates	Drugs that depress the activity of the central nervous system, reducing anxiety but impairing memory and judgement.	28
1122037854	Opiates	Opium and its derivatives, such as morphine and heroin; they depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety.	29
1122037855	Stimulants	Drugs (such as caffeine, nicotine, and the more powerful amphetamines, cocaine and ecstasy) that excite neural activity and speed up body functions.	30
1122037856	Amphetamines	Drugs that stimulate neural activity, causing speeded up body functions and associated energy and mood changes.	31
1122037857	Methamphetamine	A powerfully addictive drug that stimulates the central nervous system with speed up body functions and associated mood changes; over time, appears to reduce baseline dopamine levels.	32
1122037858	Insula	Area that lights up when people crave drugs.	33
1122037859	Ecstacy (MDMA)	A synthetic stimulant and mild hallucinogen. Produces euphoria and social intimacy, but with short term health risks and longer term harm to serotonin producing neurons and to mood and cognition.	34
1122037860	Hallucinogens	Psychedelic ("mind manifesting") drugs, such as LSD, that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input.	35
1122037861	LSD	A powerful hallucinogen drug; also known as acid (lysergic acid diethyl amide).	36
1122037862	Near-Death Experience	An altered state of consciousness reported after a close brush with death (such as through cardiac arrest); often similar to drug induced hallucinations.	37
1122037863	THC	The major active ingredient in marijuana; triggers a variety of effects including mild hallucinations.	38