Eukaryotic Cell Structure Flashcards

Eukaryotic Cell Structure

1799733	organelle	specialized structure that performs important cellular functions within a eukaryotic cell	0
1799734	cytoplasm	material inside the cell membrane—not including the nucleus	1
1799735	nucleus	contains nearly all the cell's DNA and with it the coded instructions for making proteins and other important molecules	2
1799736	nuclear envelope	layer of two membranes that surrounds the nucleus of a cell	3
1799737	chromatin	granular material visible within the nucleus; consists of DNA tightly coiled around proteins	4
1799738	chromosome	threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next	5
1799739	nucleolus	small, dense region within most nuclei in which the assembly of proteins begins	6
1799740	ribosome	small particle in the cell on which proteins are assembled; made of RNA and protein	7
1799741	endoplasmic reticulum	internal membrane system in cells in which lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled and some proteins are modified	8
1799742	Golgi apparatus	stack of membranes in the cell that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum	9
1799743	lysosome	cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials in the cell	10
1799744	vacuole	cell organelle that stores materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates	11
1799745	mitochondrion	cell organelle that converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use	12
1799746	chloroplast	organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy	13
1799747	cytoskeleton	network of protein filaments within some cells that helps the cell maintain its shape and is involved in many forms of cell movement	14
1800024	centriole	one of two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm of animal cells near the nuclear envelope	15