Basic Music Terminology (Music 101) Flashcards

18052671	Melody	line, or tune, in music, a concept that is shared by most cultures	0
18052672	Contour	how the melody moves up and down	1
18052673	Range	span of the pitches	2
18052674	Interval	distance between any two pitches in a melody	3
18052675	Conjunct	small connected interval	4
18052676	Disjunt	an interval that leaps	5
18052677	Phrases	units that make up a melody	6
18052678	Cadences	resting places	7
18052679	Countermelody	secondary melody	8
18052680	Rhythm	what moves the music forward in time	9
18052992	Meter	organizes the beats in music	10
18052993	Downbeat	the strongest beat in a measure, often the first beat	11
18052994	Simple meters	duple, triple, and quadruple	12
18052995	Compound meters	subdivide each beat into three, rather than two, subbeats	13
18052996	Harmony	simultaneous events in music	14
18052997	Upbeat	the last beat of the measure	15
18052998	Syncopation	deliberate upsetting of the normal pattern of accentuation	16
18052999	Offbeat	when the accent is shifted to a weak beat	17
18053000	Additive meter	grouping of irregular numbers of beats that add up to a larger overall pattern	18
18053001	Polyrhythm	simultaneous use of rhythmic patterns that conflict with the underlying beat	19
18053002	Chord	simultaneous sounding of three or more pitches	20
18053003	Scale	sequence of pitches	21
18053004	Triad	most common chord in Western music; three notes built on alternate pitches of a scale	22
18053005	Tonic	central tone around which a melody and its harmonies are built -tonality	23
18053006	Dissonance	created by an unstable, or discordant, harmony	24
18053007	Consonance	occurs with resolution of dissonance, producing a concordant sound	25
18053008	Drone	single sustained tone which constitutes the harmony	26
18071218	Texture	the interweaving of the melodic lines with harmony in music	27
18071219	Monophony	single-voiced music without accompaniment	28
18071220	Heterophony	multiple voices elaborating the same melody at the same time	29
18071221	Polyphony	many-voiced texture based on counterpoint	30
18071222	Counterpoint	one line set against another	31
18071223	Homophony	occurs when one melodic voice is prominent over the accompanying lines, or voices	32
18071224	Homorhythmic texture	homophonic sound in which all the voices move in the same rhythm	33
18071225	Imitation	when a melodic idea is presented in one voice, then restated in another (cannons and rounds)	34
18071226	Form	organizing principle in music- basic elements include repetition, contrast, and variation	35
18071227	Strophic form	common in songs, features repeated music for each stanza of text	36
18071228	Improvisation	music created spontaneously in performance	37
18071229	Binary form	A-B	38
18071230	Ternary form	A-B-A	39
18071231	Theme	melodic idea used as a building block in a large-scale work	40
18071232	Motives	small component fragments of the theme	41
18071233	Sequence	results when a motive is repeated at a different pitch	42
18071234	Call-and-response	repetitive style involving a soloist and a group	43
18071235	Ostinato	repetition of a short musical melodic, rhythmic, or harmonic pattern	44
18071236	Movements	the sections that large-scale compositions, such as symphonies and sonatas, are divided into	45
18071237	Tempo	rate of speed, or pace, of the music	46
18071238	Allegro	fast pace	47
18071239	Moderato	moderate pace	48
18071240	Adagio	quite slow pace	49
18071241	Accelerando	speeding up the pace	50
18071242	Ritardando	slowing the pace	51
18071243	Metronome	device that indicates the tempo by sounding a pulse	52
18071244	Dynamics	describe the volume of the music	53
18071245	Forte (f)	loud sound	54
18071246	Piano (p)	soft sound	55
18071247	Timbre	tone color	56
18071248	Instrument	generates vibrations and transmits them into the air	57
18071249	Soprano	high female voice	58
18071250	Alto	low female voice	59
18071251	Tenor	high male voice	60
18071252	Bass	low male voice	61
18071253	Vibrato	throbbing effect	62
18071254	Staccato	short detached notes	63
18071255	Legato	smoothly connected notes	64
18071321	a cappella	choral groups with no accompaniment	65
18071322	Chamber music	ensemble music for small groups, with one player per part	66
18071323	Orchestra	eighty to one hundred instrument ensemble	67
18071324	String section	first violins, second violins, violas, cellos, double basses	68
18071325	Woodwind section	flutes, oboes, English horn, clarinets, bass clarinet, bassoon, double bassoon	69
18071522	Brass section	French horn, trumpets, trombones, tuba	70
18071523	Percussion section	drums, piano	71
18071524	Sacred music	music for religious functions	72
18071525	Secular music	music for non-religious functions	73
18071526	Oral transmission	transmission of music without the aid of written notation	74