AP US History- Chapter 18-19 Flashcards

614143423	balance of power	the North and South had an equal number of states represented in the Senate and the House, and they needed to keep it that way	0
614143424	Wilmot Proviso	banned slavery in the territory aquired in the Mexican War, supported by Northern antislaverists	1
614143425	Lewis Cass	man who was the reputed father of popular sovereignty	2
614143426	John Calhoun	man who disagreed with Wilmot Proviso and said unconstitutional because no citizen can be told not to bring their property (slave property) into the territories	3
614143427	Thomas Hart Benton	man who said that seperately Wilmot and Calhoun were dull, but put together they became a pair of scissors and could cut the Union in half	4
614143428	popular sovereignty	the doctrine that stated that the people who lived on the territory should determine the status of slavery on their land	5
614143429	Free Soil	party that felt slavery was a threat to the American Dream ideal; run Van Buren in 1848	6
614143430	Zachary Taylor	run by the Whigs in 1848, and wins because everyone loves a hero	7
614143431	California	state that explodes with people overnight because of gold rush	8
614143432	free state	California applied right away to become a __________	9
614143433	Free Soil State Constitution	Congress must approve before a state can be declared free of slavery	10
614143434	Underground Railroad	slaves' road to freedom	11
614143435	Harriet Tubman	"Moses", helps lead slaves through the Underground Railroad	12
614143436	Fugitive Slave Laws	laws demanded by southerners to cope with runaway slaves	13
614143437	Compromise of 1850	last hurrah for Henry Clay, John Calhoun, and Daniel Webster; huge attempt to make peace, try to please both North and South	14
614143438	Clay's Compromise	compromise that lets CA join as free state, NM and UT use popular sovereignty, TX borders settled and debts paid, ends slave trade in DC, and enacts new fugitive-slave laws	15
614143439	California	in Clay's Compromise, _______ is admitted as a free state	16
614143440	New Mexico, Utah	in Clay's Compromise, _______ and _____ begin using popular sovereignty	17
614143441	Texas	in Clay's Compromise, _____'s borders are settled and debts are paid	18
614143442	DC	in Clay's Compromise, slave trade (auction) was ended in ________	19
614143443	fugitive slave laws	in Clay's Compromise, new _______ came into affect and bounty hunters could bring slaves home for cash rewards	20
614143444	Omnibus Bill	this comes out of the Webster-Calhoun Debates, different writers write parts of it, it fails	21
614143445	Stephen Douglas	the "Little Giant", man with a salesman-like mannerism; breaks Clay's bill into 5 different bills and makes sure they all get passed	22
614143446	Whigs vs. Democrats	parties in the Election of 1852	23
614143447	Franklin Pierce	Democrats run this man in the Election of 1852; weak candidate, a nobody	24
614143448	Winfield Scott	Whigs run this man in the Election of 1852, military hero	25
614143449	Pierce	winner of Election of 1852	26
614143450	Free Soil Party	consists of Northern Whigs and Democrats	27
614143451	filibustering	private armies invading countries	28
614143452	William Walker	invaded Nicaragua with his small army, conquered it, and became leader of Nicaragua	29
614143453	Cuba	America wanted to buy this island, but Spain would not sell it to them	30
614143454	Ostend Manifesto	secret Franklin Pierce administration proposal to purchase or to wrest militarily Cuba from Spain, opposed greatly by the North, so it was quickly abandoned	31
614143455	China	this Asian country gives America the most-favored-nation status because America wants to do business with the them, not sell them drugs (like the British); Americans flood into their country and they flood into America	32
614143456	Matthew Perry	goes to Japan and shows them the cannon, forces American ways in Japan	33
614143457	Railroad	America needs a new _____, but they can't decide where to put it to connect to California	34
614143458	Jefferson Davis	proposes a railroad route from New Orleans to Los Angeles, purchases all land south of the Gila River and enables the railroad plan to go, easiest route	35
614143459	Gadsden Purchase	land purchased to help Jefferson Davis's railroad route	36
614143460	Stephen Douglas	wants to run railroad route from Chicago across Mississippi to Wyoming, but very unorganized	37
614143461	Kansas-Nebraska Act	Douglas puts this Act through Congress, divide the territory in half, call top Nebraska and bottom Kansas; use popular sovereignty, but that violates Missouri Compromise, but passes anyway	38
614143462	Uncle Tom's Cabin	book written by Harriet Beecher Stowe, wanted to show the North the wickedness of slavery, creates tension	39
614143463	Missouri Border Ruffians vs. Free State Militia	both arm themselves and establish state capitols and declare they have won Kansas; Kansas thrown into Civil War	40
614143464	Missouri Border Ruffians	for slavery in Bleeding Kansas	41
614143465	Free State militia	against slavery in Bleeding Kansas	42
614143466	Lawrence	Ruffians sack _______ (free state capitol) during Bleeding Kansas, Civil War begins in Kansas	43
614143467	John Brown	antislavery man during Bleeding Kansas, lead his followers to Pottawatomie Creek to attack Lawrence	44
614143468	Pottawatomie Creek	place where John Brown leads his men to begin Kansas's Civil War	45
614143469	Republican	new political party, consists of angry Whigs, Free-Soilers, and Know-Nothings, party of upper-mid-west white American born; want internal improvements, free education, land in west to be free; party rises rapidly	46
614143470	Charles Sumner	Republican Massachusetts Senator, made comments about slavery, says he understands why the south likes to have slaves, because they like to sleep with them; beaten by Preston Brooks in front of all the Senate	47
614143471	Preston Brooks	South Carolina Senator; nephew of the man Sumner accuses of sleeping with his slaves; beats Sumner in front of the whole Senate	48
614143472	Election of 1856	Buchanan wins; Democrats vs. Republican vs. Know Nothing	49
614143473	James Buchanan	Democratic Party runs in Election of 1856; bachelor, lawyer, out of country during Kansas-Nebrask Act	50
614143474	John C. Fremont	Republican Party runs in Election of 1856; young, military guy involved in Mexican War, explorer	51
614143475	Millard Filmore	Know-Nothing Party runs in Election of 1856; Zachary Taylor's VP, served as president when Taylor died	52
614143476	Dredd Scott Case	Supreme Court Case--slave sues for his freedom, brought to North by his owner and lived on free land but still held in bondage	53
614143477	Roger B. Tanney	says the Dredd Scott case is irrelevant because he can't sue for his freedom because proporty cannot sue their owner	54
614143478	Lincoln/Douglas Debates	running for Senate, first, Douglas wins, but then Lincoln starts to draw Douglas into talking about things that would get him into trouble and not into office--puts Douglas in a difficult position; Douglas wins but Lincoln has shown his power	55
614143479	Abraham Lincoln	abnormally tall man, raw boned, grew up in rural Kentucky and then moved to Illinois, not much schooling but an avid reader; brilliant, worked in manual labor, read law, self-educated lawyer, circuit lawyer	56
614143480	Harper's Ferry	Potomac River, near VA, WV border; John Brown killed people to try to secure weapons, US army responded and hanged Brown (turns him into a hero and martyr)	57
614143481	Election of 1860	whigs gone, Republicans strong, Democrats splitting	58
614143482	Douglas, Breckinridge	in election of 1860, Democrats run ________ in the North and _______ in the South	59
614143483	Lincoln	in election of 1860, Republicans run _______	60
614143484	John Bell	in election of 1860, the Constitutional Party (Southern Whigs) run _________	61
614143485	South Carolina	state that begins all the secession in 1861	62
614143486	Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Florida, Texas	states that follow South Carolina's secession; all cotton states	63
614143487	The Confederate States of America	Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Florida, Texas and South Carolina all secede from the Union and become _________	64
614143488	Jefferson Davis	The Confederate States of America elected _______ to be their president in 1861	65