WHAP Greeks/Romans Flashcards

285962657	Pericles	Greek statesman, orator, and Athenian general. Believed in democracy, hard work, and conferring kindness to make friends. Emphasized that veterans should be honored. Built Parthenon and Acropolis	0
285962658	Golden Age of Athens	Sparta and Athens built alliances w/ other city states. Athens dominated, and gained revenue from trade and tributes of soldiers, ships and money. Valued education, athletics and music. Pericles ruled during this time	1
285962659	Sparta	Militaristic state that remained in a constant state of preparedness for warfare. Austere and disciplined existence. Stressed equality but not individuality	2
285962660	Olympic Games	Held in Olympia; feasts and competitions between poets, orators and atheletes. Religious festival dedicated to Zeus.	3
285962661	Alexander the Great	Widely expanded Macedonian dominance; conquered persians and moved east to Indus river. Divided rule into 3 realms-Antigonid, Ptolemaic and Seleucid. Spread Hellenism	4
285962662	Socrates	Pupil of Plato. Created ethical philosophy. Believed in his own ignorance; challenged notions of beauty, goodness and piety. Persecuted for corrupting the youth.	5
285962663	Aristotle	scientist, astronomer, political theorist. Plato's pupil; founded Lyceum. Considered the father of empirical science and the scientific method. Everything has a natural function and strives to complete that function	6
285962664	Polis	Greece was a collection of city states; each c-s was known as a polis. Each polis shared a common culture and identity	7
285962665	Parthenon	Greek temple on top of the Athenian Acropolis. Built by Pericles	8
285962666	Hellenistic culture	spread of Greek culture, ideals, and pattern of life. Facilitated by Alexander the Great	9
285962667	Punic Wars	wars resulting from Rome's rapid expansion into Carthage. Lasted on and off 264-146 BCE	10
285962668	Pax Romana	Law that established common coinage, civil service and secure travel. Massive growth of arts and sciences, literature and architecture	11
285962669	Augustus	Also known as Octavian. 1st emporer of Roman Empire after Caesar. Under him, Rome became capital of the Western world.	12
285962670	Julius Caesar	Part of 1st triumvirate. Civil war between Senate and Caesar's followers led to Caesar becoming Emperor for life. Assassinated :(	13
285962671	12 Tablets	Development to protect individual rights "innocent until proven guilty". Became international code that Rome applied to conquered territories	14
285962672	Romulus and Remus	Rome's twin founder. Bickered over where to put their shiny new city; Romulus kills Remus and names Rome after himself.	15
285962673	Roman Legions	basic units of Roman military recruited specifically from Roman citizens	16
285962674	Patricians	elite families in Rome that made up majority of Roman assemblies. Dominated political scene	17
285962675	Plebeians	general body of free, land owning Roman citizens. 95% of population.	18
285962676	Constantine	emperor who issued edict of Milan in 313 CE-stopped acts of violence towards Christians. By end of 391 CE, Christianity was official religion of Roman Empire	19
285962677	Constantinople	When Constantine defeated his rivals and came to power, he moved capital to the Greek city Byzantium.	20
285962678	Eastern Roman Empire	The region Justinian reconquered. Fell under Greek influence	21
285962679	Code of Justinian	Result of Justinian's desire to create a simple, clear version of Roman laws.	22
285962680	Athenian Democracy	First known example of direct democracy. Free citizens chosen by election to sit on large juries and assemblies and run the affairs of state. First balance of power.	23
285962681	Reasons for Roman decline	-corruption -fast expansion of empire -wars -failing economy -unemployment -barbarian invasion	24