Chapter 8: World Civilizations; The Global Experience Flashcards

Review for Chapter 8 of World Civilzations; The Global Experience (Fifth Edition) (AP Edition)

969785729	Stateless Society	A society that is not governed by a state; there is little concentration of authority	0
969785730	Ifriqiya	the Arabic term for Eastern North Africa	1
977304562	Maghrib	Arabic term for western North Africa.	2
977304563	Sundiata	the founder of Mali empire. He crushed his enemies and won control of the gold trade routes	3
977304564	Griots	Professional oral historians who served as keepers of traditions and advisors to kings within the Mali Empire	4
977304565	Mansa Kankan Musa	Ruler of Mali (r. 1312-1337). His pilgrimage through Egypt to Mecca in 1324-1325 established the empire's reputation for wealth in the Mediterranean world.	5
977304566	Timbuktu	Mali trading city that became a center of wealth and learning	6
977304567	Songhay	Empire that replaced Mali in the late fifteenth century.	7
977304568	Muhammad the Great	Extended the boundaries of the Songhay Empire; Islamic ruler of the mid-16th century	8
977304569	Sharia	Islamic Law	9
977304570	Zenj	Arabic term for the east African coast	10
977304571	Swahili Language	blend of arabic and bantu language	11
977304572	Benin	A kingdom of the West African rain forest	12
977304573	Kongo	Central African kingdom in the 1400's that engaged in warfare and slavery	13
977304574	Great Zimbabwe	City, now in ruins (in the modern African country of Zimbabwe), whose many stone structures were built between about 1250 and 1450, when it was a trading center and the capital of a large state. (p. 385)	14
977304575	Mwene Mutapa	ruler of Great Zimbabwe; controlled a large territory reaching to the Indian Ocean	15
977304576	Ibn Batuta	Arab traveler who described African societies and cultures in his travel records	16
977304577	Hausa	An agricultural and trading people of central Sudan in West Africa. Aside from their brief incorporation into the Songhai Empire, the Hausa city-states remained autonomous until the Sokoto Calipphate conquered them in the early nineteenth century.	17
977304578	Caliph	A Muslim ruler	18
977304579	Juula	Malinke merchants who traded throughout the Mali empire and West Africa	19
977304580	Almohadis	A reformist movement among the Islamic Berbers of northern Africa; later than the Almoravids; penetrated into sub-Sahara Africa.	20
977304581	Jihad	A holy struggle or striving by a Muslim for a moral or spiritual or political goal	21
977304582	Hajj	A pilgrimage to Mecca, performed as a duty by Muslims	22