Palmer: French Revolution Flashcards

1118138297	regime	French word for government	0
1118138298	old regime	the political, social, and economic system of the 18th century	1
1118138299	absolute monarchy; people didn't want one person deciding everything; Lettre de Cachet; government was corrupt	What were the political causes of the Abuses of the Old Regime?	2
1118138300	estates	People didn't like that society was divided into _____	3
1118138301	Feudal dues	commoners had to pay a noble for past usage of land	4
1118138302	clergy	Who made up the 1st estate?	5
1118138303	nobles	Who made up the 2nd estate?	6
1118138304	commoners	Who made up the 3rd estate?	7
1118138305	taille	tax on land	8
1118138306	gabelle	tax on salt	9
1118138307	corvee	forced labor on Roads and Bridges	10
1118138308	tithe	10% to church	11
1118138309	70	_____% of a commoner's pay went to anyone but them	12
1118138310	taxes	the economic causes of the abuses of the old regime were mainly caused by _____	13
1118138311	Bourgeoisie; Influence of Enlightened Philosophers; Influence of English/American Revolutions; Incompetent and unpopular government; Financial difficulties	What were the secondary causes of the French Revolution?	14
1118138312	Bourgeoisie	middle class in France	15
1118138313	status	The Bourgeoisie resented the nobility's ______	16
1118138314	Burgesses; Burghers; Bourgeoisie	The 3B's of the Middle Class are England's _______, Germany's _____, and France's ______	17
1118138315	Locke; Rousseau; Voltaire; Montesqueiu	Who were the four Enlightened Philosophers who most influenced the French Revolution?	18
1118138316	successful	Both the American and English Revolutions were _____	19
1118138317	Louis XVI; Marie Antoinette	The two rulers of the unpopular and incompetent government were King _____ and Queen _____	20
1118138318	Robert Turgot	Who was the finance minister fired by Louis XVI?	21
1118138319	Meeting of the Estates General	What meeting brought all 3 social classes together?	22
1118138320	May 1789	When was the Meeting of the Estates General?	23
1118138321	175	The Meeting of the Estates General in May 1789 was the first in _____ years	24
1118138322	bankruptcy	The Meeting of the Estates General was called to consider the question of government ______	25
1118138323	one; out voted; popular	The problem with the Meeting of the Estates General was that each estate only had ____ vote, so the third estate was ____ ____, and wanted a _____ vote	26
1118138324	Tennis Court Oath	Pledge by 3rd estate to write a constitution for France	27
1118138325	National Assembly	The 3rd Estate declared themselves the _____ _____	28
1118138326	assembly	law making body	29
1118138327	Bastille	The storming of the ______ started the French Revolution	30
1118138328	July 14, 1789	Date of Bastille Day	31
1118138329	king	Bastille Day publicly destroyed the symbol of the _____	32
1118138330	1789; 1791	The works of the National Assembly were from ____-____	33
1118138331	tax exemptions; Feudal dues; mandatory church tithes; class distinctions	The National Assembly abolished what four things known as the August decrees?	34
1118138332	citizens	Because all class distinctions were abolished, people were called these.	35
1118138333	Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen	French Bill of Rights	36
1118138334	August, 1789	When was the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen written?	37
1118138335	law	The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen stated that everyone is equal before the ______	38
1118138336	speech; press; religion; assembly; unlawful arrest	What five freedoms were given in the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen?	39
1118138337	meet	Freedom of assembly meant that groups could ____	40
1118138338	Lettre de Cachet	Freedom of unlawful arrest went against the ____ ____ ____	41
1118138339	6000	How many women and children were in the Women's March on Versailles?	42
1118138340	October 1789	When was the Women's March on Versailles?	43
1118138341	Paris	The result of the Women's March on Versailles was that the King and his family were taken to ____	44
1118138342	Civil Constitution of the Clergy	The ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ was the government's way to control the church.	45
1118138343	elected; paid a salary	The Civil Constitution of the Clergy made sure that all clergy were ____ and ____ ____ ____	46
1118138344	1/5	The Civil Constitution of the Clergy seized ____ of all church land	47
1118138345	Oath of France	Didn't want all French money going to Rome.	48
1118138346	Constitution of 1791	Established France as a limited monarchy	49
1118138347	1791; 1792; year	The Constitution of 1791 lasted from only ____ - ____ (one _____)	50
1118138348	powers	The Constitution of 1791 established separation of _____	51
1118138349	progress; immediately	We often think that change=______, but we always want it _____	52
1118138350	Girondists	moderates (bourgeoise); wanted a republic	53
1118138351	Jacobins	radicals; opposed the King and bourgeoisie favored a republic dominated by poor people	54
1118138352	newspaper; demonstrations; clubs; leaders	The appeal of the Jacobins was that they issued a ____ and led _____, opened ____ all over France, and had capable _____	55
1118138353	Robespierre; Marat; Danton	Who were the three leaders of the Jacobins?	56
1118138354	Robespierre	Who was the mastermind of the Jacobins?	57
1118138355	Danton	Which leader of the Jacobins got the army on their side?	58
1118138356	emigres	(smart) nobles that fled France early in the Revolution	59
1118138357	nobles; peasants	War against Austria and Prussia was basically _______ against ______	60
1118138358	Liberty! Equality! Fraternity!	What was the battle cry of the French Revolution?	61
1118138359	Liberty	Freedom	62
1118138360	Fraternity	Brotherhood	63
1118138361	June 1791	When did the King escape?	64
1118138362	August 3, 1792	When was the Brunswick Manifesto?	65
1118138363	Duke of Brunswick	Who wrote the Brunswick Manifesto?	66
1118138364	Prussian	The Duke of Brunswick was the leader of the ____ army	67
1118138365	harmed; leveled	The Brunswick Manifesto stated that if the Royal Family was _____, Paris would be ______	68
1118138366	Storming of the Tuileries Palace	What was the massacre of guards, and trying the King for treason?	69
1118138367	2800	How many people died at the Storming of the Tuileries Palace?	70
1118138368	1793	The National convention was what year?	71
1118138369	constitution	The National Convention wrote a new _____	72
1118138370	virtue	The National Convention called themselves the Republic of _____	73
1118138371	Robespierre	Who was the president of the National Convention?	74
1118138372	sans culottes	Ultra radicals; men without knee britches	75
1118138373	nobles	The sans culottes wanted to kill all _____	76
1118138374	government	The Jacobins seized control of all _____ powers	77
1118138375	Committee of Public Safety	Dictatorship of Robespierre that uncovered enemies of the Revolution	78
1118138376	draft	Conscription means _____	79
1118138377	Conscription	Draft into French military	80
1118138378	July 1793; July 1794	The Reign of Terror lasted from _____ ____ - _____ ____	81
1118138379	January; 1793	The execution of Louis XIV was in _____ 1793 before the beginning of the Reign of Terror, and the execution of Marie Antoinette was in ____	82
1118138380	20,000; 40,000	____-____ people were killed during the Reign of Terror	83
1118138381	Law of Suspects	arrest and execution of suspected traitors and counterrevolutionaries	84
1118138382	killers	The idea behind ending the Reign of Terror was to kill the _____!	85
1118138383	Jacobin	the three _____ leaders were killed to end the Reign of Terror	86
1118138384	Charlotte Corday	Who killed Marat?	87
1118138385	Marat	Editor of the Jacobin Paper "L'Ami du Peuple" and first Jacobin leader to be killed	88
1118138386	stabbed	Marat was _____ by Charlotte Corday	89
1118138387	L'Ami du Peuple	The friend of the People	90
1118138388	Dantan	Executed by Robespierre	91
1118138389	Law of Suspects	What did Robespierre use to justify the execution of Dantan?	92
1118138390	July 27, 1794	When was Robespierre executed?	93
1118138391	moderates	When Robespierre was executed, power was passed back to the _____	94
1118138392	National Convention; Girondists	The Moderates took control of the _____ ____ and wrote a new constitution of the _____	95
1118138393	Constitution of 1795	What created a two house Parliament and Directory government?	96
1118138394	Elders; 500	The two houses of Parliament were the Council of ______ and the Council of ______	97
1118138395	elected	The five directors were _____ from the Council of Elders	98
1118138396	5; executive	There were ____ directors in the Directory and they formed the ____ branch of French government	99
1118138397	1795; 1799	The Directory lasted from _____ - _____	100
1118138398	inflation; food shortages; unrest; relying on the army for support	What were the four Problems with the Directory?	101
1118138399	November 9, 1799	When was the Directory Overthrown?	102
1118138400	General Napoleon Bonaparte	Who overthrew the Directory?	103
1118138401	Military	General Napoleon Bonaparte established what kind of dictatorship?	104
1118138402	coup d'etat	What is French for a military overthrow?	105
1118138403	Abuses of Old Regime eliminated; Introduction to Democratic Rights; Nationalism; Educational Improvements; World Influence	What were the five results of the French Revolution?	106
1118138404	conscription; La Marseillaise; Bastille Day	List the three parts of French Nationalism	107
1118138405	La Marseillaise	French National Anthem	108
1118138406	whiff of grapeshot	Napoleon gave the rioting crowd a "____ ___ ____	109
1118138407	metric system; national system of education	What were the two Educational improvements of the French Revolution?	110
1118138408	guide	Other countries started to look to French Revoluion as a _____	111
1118138409	Madame Tussaud	artist who got to live if she made death masks of Reign of Terror victems	112