AP World Civilizations Ch 24 Flashcards

332669092	Presidencies	Three districts that made up the bulk of the directly ruled British territories in India; capitals at Madras, Calcutta, and Bombay.	0
332669093	British Raj	British political establishment in India; developed as a result of the rivalry between France and Britain in India.	1
332669094	Captain James Cook	English navigator who claimed the east coast of Australia for Britain and discovered several Pacific islands (1728-1779)	2
332669095	Kamehameha I	Hawaiian king who united the islands under his rule (1758-1819)	3
332669096	Sepoys	Troops that served the British East India Company; recruited from various warlike peoples of India.	4
332669097	Ram Mohun Roy	Western-educated Indian leader was able to assist the British when they took over India abolished sati and encouraged widow remarriage	5
332669098	Settlement colonies	Areas, such as North America and Australia, that were both conquered by European invaders and settled by large numbers of European migrants who made the colonized areas their permanent home and dispersed and decimated the indigenous inhabitants.	6
332669099	Lord Charles Cornwallis	Reformer of the East India Company administration of India in the 1790's; reduced power of local British administrators; checked widespread corruption. YES also the same one that surrendered at the battle of Yorktown.	7
332669100	Mataram	Kingdom that controlled interior regions of Java in 17th century; Dutch East India Company paid tribute to the kingdom for rights of trade at Batavia; weakness of kingdom after 1670's allowed Dutch to exert control over all of Java	8
332669101	White Racial Supremacy	Belief in the inherent mental, moral, and cultural superiority of whites; peaked in acceptance in decades before World War I; supported by social science doctrines of social Darwinists such as Herbert Spencer.	9
332669102	Cecil Rhodes	British entrepreneur and politician involved in the expansion of the British Empire from South Africa into Central Africa. The colonies of Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) and Northern Rhodesia (now Zambia) were named after him. (p. 736)	10
332669103	Natal	British colony in south Africa; developed after boer trek north from cape colony; major commercial outpost of Durban.	11
332669104	Nabobs	Name given to British representatives of the East India Company who went briefly to India to make fortunes through graft and exploitation.	12
332669105	Isandhlwana	Location of battle fought in 1879 between the British and Zulu armies in South Africa; resulted in defeat of British; one of few victories of African forces over Western Europeans.	13
332669106	Plassey	Battle in 1757 between troops of the British East India Company and an Indian army under Sirud-daula ruler of Bengal; British victory resulted in control of northern India	14
332669107	Boer Republics	Transvaal and Orange Free State in southern Africa; established to assert independence of Boers from British colonial government in Cape Colony in 1850s; discovery of diamonds and precious metals caused British migration into the Boer areas in 1860s.	15
332669108	White Dominions	Colonies in which European settlers made up the overwhelming majority of the population; small numbers of native inhabitants were typically reduced by disease and wars of conquest; typical of British holdings in North America and Australia with growing independence in the 19th century	16
332669109	Princely States	Domains of Indian princes allied with the British Raj; agents of East India Company were stationed at the rulers courts to ensure compliance; made up over one-third of the British Indian Empire	17
332669110	Robert Clive	Architect of British victory at Plassey; established foundations of British raj in northern India (18th century)	18
332669111	Boer War	either of two wars: the first when the Boers fought England in order to regain the independence they had given up to obtain British help against the Zulus (1880-1881)	19