Trans Atlantic Slave Trade and African Kingdom Flashcards

155687329	What country came in contact with the African slave trade first?	Portugal	0
155687330	Where did the Portuguese begin to develop plantations?	fin Azores, Cape Verde Islands, and Brazil	1
157038815	How did the existing slave trade in Africa change with European arrivals?	-African kings and elite sought to profit from selling their neighbors as demands gew -adopted new military techniques	2
157038816	What military techniques did the African kings adopt in order to capture more slaves?	cavalry firearms	3
157038817	How were most slaves caught?	prisoners of war	4
157038818	What were the two cash crops that required the most slaves?	tobacco and sugar	5
157038819	What two countries were the most involved with tobacco?	Britain and France	6
157038820	Where was Tobacco first grown, and where was it grown later?	in the Caribbean, then in Virgina	7
157038821	What crop replaced tobacco in the Caribbean?	sugar	8
157038822	Chartered Companies	Groups of private investors who paid an annual fee to France and England in exchange for a monopoly over trade to the West Indies colonies.	9
157038823	What place was the #1 sugar producer in the 1700s?	Caribbean	10
157038824	what place was the #1 sugar produer in 1600?	Brazil	11
157038825	What happened to the British planters as a result of the growing sugar production?	became rich and politically powerful	12
157038826	1620	Dutch involvement with Sugar production in Brazil	13
157038827	Dutch West India Company	Trading company chartered by the Dutch government to conduct its merchants' trade in the Americas and Africa. goal: acheive independence from Spain and hassle Spanish commerse overseas	14
157042509	Where was sugar originally produced?	Middle East	15
157042510	Sugar	considered a luxury good rising middle class wanted it used to sweeten new beverages prices declined with new production	16
157042511	what was the effect of the industrial revolution on sugar production?	created more demand because the workers needed the calories and the warmth on jobs in factories	17
157042512	What happened to indentured servants?	price of land rose up so much that they no longer existed	18
157042513	why use slaves?	-no indentured servants -ultimately became cheaper	19
157042514	cons of using slaves?	-high mortality/low birth rates -changes of rebellions	20
157042515	Atlantic Circuit	Europe to Africa Africa to America Americas to Europe technically, could make a profit on every leg, but in practice very risky	21
157042516	What was brought from Europe to Africa	manufactured goods (guns), cotton textules (from India)	22
157042517	What was brought from Africa to the Americas?	slaves Middle Passage	23
157042518	What was brought from the Americas to Europe?	export crops, mining products, plantation goods	24
157042519	Triangular Trade	A three way system of trade during 1600-1800s Aferica sent slaves to America, America sent Raw Materials to Europe, and Europe sent Guns and Rum to Africa	25
157042520	In the Triangular trade, what did N. England merchants sell to Africa, the Caribbeans, and to N. America?	Africa: rum, metalware, gin, firearms Caribbeans: slaves N. America: molasses, rum	26
157042521	Middle Passage	The part of the Atlantic Circuit involving the transportation of enslaved Africans across the Atlantic to the Americas.	27
157042522	Why did so many slaves die during the Middle Passage?	slaves were packed into boats as tightly as possible bad hygiene chained disease	28
157042523	what happened as a result of the Middle Passage?	because so many slaves died, conditions on the boats were improved so there wouldn't be as much financial loss	29
157042524	Who controlled the slave trade?	1. British 2. Portuguese 3. French 4. Dutch 5. N. Americans chartered trading companies	30