Prokaryotes Flashcards
Prokaryotes are the most numerous and diverse group of cellular microbes. There are more than 6 x 10 ^31 prokaryotes on Earth (estimate)
Terms : Hide Images [1]
| 1531068423 | What are the 3 basic shapes of Prokarytoes? | coccus (roughly spherical), bacillus (rod shaped), and spiral (two types; spiral, which are stiff and spirochetes, which are flexible) | 0 | |
| 1531068424 | What type of bacteria produces endospores? | The Gram positive bacteria Bacillus and Clostridium | 1 | |
| 1531068425 | Why are endospores important? | their durability and potential pathogenicity. Endospores constitute a defensive strategy against hostile or unfavorable conditions. They are stable resting stages that barely metabolize and germinate when conditions improve. They can become a problem for food and health care processors, they can produce deadly toxins that cause fatal diseases like anthrax, tetanus, and gangrene. | 2 | |
| 1531068426 | How do prokaryotes reproduce? | asexually | 3 | |
| 1531068427 | What is the most common method of asexual reproduction? | binary fission | 4 | |
| 1531071248 | What is snapping division? | A variation of binary division, which occurs in some Gram positive cells. | 5 | |
| 1531071249 | What equals snapping division? | Corynebacterium diptheriae | 6 | |
| 1531071250 | What happens during snapping division? | -Cell is deposited inside -Cell wall thickens -As cell wall thickens = stress on outer older cell wall layer -Outer cell wall snaps apart -Remnant of outer cell wall acts as Hinge -Hinge holds daughter cells together | 7 | |
| 1531071251 | What should you know about spores? | It is not a reproductive structure for bacteria. It is resistant to heat, drying, radiation, antiseptics, etc. | 8 | |
| 1531078186 | What happens in Fragmentation? | Parent maintains original shape, the offspring/some filament is motile and glides away. It occurs with cyanobacteria. | 9 | |
| 1531078187 | What happens during budding? | -Parent has outgrowth -outgrowth gets copy of parential DNA -outgrowth enlarges -outgrowth breaks off & is new Daughter cell (Daughter cell is smaller than the parent at this time, but increases in size) | 10 | |
| 1531078188 | What is viviparity? | It is similar to endospore production and it is rare. | 11 | |
| 1531078189 | What happens during spore formation? | 1) DNA is replicated ...cell elongates 2) Cell membrane forms & separates elongated cell into 2 sections DNA 3) Vegetative cell DNA disintegrates (in 'parent') 4) Within forming spore, Cortex forms, (ie., calcium & dipicolinic acid are depositied between the forming spore's 2 cell membranes), Cortex becomes the spore Coat ..5) old form/ vegetative cell dissolves | 12 |