Unit 7 US History Flashcards

Chapter 20 US History
Chapter 21 US History
Chapter 22 US History
Chapter 23 US History

180038092	nativism	suspicion of foreign born people	0
180038093	Xenophobia	fear of foreigners	1
180038094	isolationism	pulling away from world affairs	2
180038095	communism	an economic and political system that supports government control over property to create equality	3
180038096	anarchists	people who oppose any form of government	4
180038097	Sacco and Vanzetti	anarchists who were arrested for robbery and murder in Massachusetts. Their execution was based on a fear of foreigners	5
180038098	quota system	a limit on how many immigrants from each country could enter the U.S. each year	6
180038099	John L. Lewis	president of United Mine Workers who got miners higher wages	7
180038100	Warren G. Harding	29th president	8
180038101	Charles Evans Hughes	Secretary of State under Harding who urged the US, England, Japan, France and Italy to disarm or reduce their weapons	9
180038102	Fordney-McCumber Tariff	placed a high tax on imports making it impossible for England and France to sell their goods in the US.	10
180038103	Ohio gang	Harding's cabinet members that caused problems	11
180038104	Teapot Dome scandal- Albert B. Hall	(Harding's secretary of interior) secretly leased oil rich land owned by the government to oil companies and received the money and property in return	12
180038105	Calvin Coolidge	30 th president who favored government policies that promoted business and limited government interference	13
180038106	urban sprawl	cities expanding in all directions	14
180038107	installment plan	easy way to borrow money to buy goods	15
180038108	"Red Scare"	a fear of communism swept the country	16
180038109	Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)	was set up by Attorney General MitchellPalmer (Palmer Raids) to arrest communist, socialists, and anarchists	17
180038110	Kellogg-Briand Pact	64 nations agreed they would give up war as national policy	18
180038111	income gap	As businesses grew, business managers made more money than workers did	19
180038112	Prohibition	the ban on alcoholic beverages set forth in the 18th Amendment	20
180038113	speakeasy	hidden saloons and nightclubs that served alcohol illegally	21
180038114	bootlegger	smuggler who brought alcohol in from Canada and the Caribbean	22
180038115	Fundamentalism	a religious movement based on the belief that everything written in the Bible is true	23
180038116	Clarence Darrow	In 1925, Darrow defended John Scopes in the "Monkey Trial."	24
180038117	Scopes Trial	John Scopes was found guilty for teaching evolution	25
180038118	flapper	an emancipated young woman of the 1920's who held independent attitudes and liked new fashions	26
180038119	double standard	set of values accepted by society where women have to follow stricter standards than men	27
180038120	Charles A. Lindbergh	the 1st person to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean in his plane, The Spirit of St. Louis	28
180038121	George Gershwin	composer who merged jazz with traditional elements creating music with a new American sound	29
180038122	Georgia O'Keefe	artist who painted in NYC and later the Southwest	30
180038123	Sinclair Lewis	novelist who criticized American society and also won a Nobel Prize	31
180038124	F. Scott Fitzgerald	novelist who coined the term "Jazz Age" and wrote The Great Gatsby	32
180038125	Ernest Hemingway	writer who introduced a tough, simple style of writing that changed American literature	33
180038126	Zora Neale Hurston	woman anthropologist and author who collected the folklore of poor Southern blacks	34
180038127	Marcus Garvey	formed a black nationalist group, the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA)	35
180038128	Harlem Renaissance	the artistic and literary movement celebrated by the African-American culture	36
180038129	Claude McKay	poet who wrote about the pain of prejudice	37
180038130	Langston Hughes	poet who used jazz and blues to write about the daily lives of the working class blacks	38
180038131	Louis Armstrong	musician from New Orleans who brought jazz (ragtime & blues) to the North	39
180038132	Duke Ellington	jazz pianist and one of the nation's greatest composers	40
180038133	urbanization	the movement from rural areas to cities	41
180038134	21st Amendment	1933; prohibition repealed officially	42
180038135	Double standard	Women had to follow stricter standards of behavior than men did	43
180038136	Herbert Hoover	31st president	44
180038137	Hoovervilles	neighborhoods where people lived in shacks (shantytowns)	45
180038138	direct relief	money or food given directly from the government to the poor	46
180038139	Causes for the Great Depression	1. tariffs and war debt policies that cut down the foreign market for American goods. 2. crisis in the farming industry. 3. availability of easy credit. 4. unequal distribution of income	47
180038140	Black Tuesday Oct. 29, 1929	the day the stock market crashed	48
180038141	buying on margin	purchasing stock by paying only a small portion up front, with the agreement to pay the rest later	49
180038142	bread lines	lines of people waiting for free food	50
180038143	soup kitchens	places where free food is served to the needy	51
180038144	dust bowl	the area of the Great Plains that became worthless for farming due to drought and the dust storms of the 1930's	52
180038145	"Okies"	Originally from Oklahoma, migrants who traveled to California and other states looking for better economic opportunities	53
180038146	hoboes	Men and boys who rode the rails looking for work	54
180038147	Hawley-Smoot Tariff	raised taxes on imports but worsened the Depression	55
180038148	Bonus Army	unemployed WWI veterans who marched to D.C. demanding their war bonuses	56
180038149	"rugged individualism"	people should succeed through their own efforts	57
180038150	Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR)	32nd president	58
180038151	New Deal	program planned by FDR to end the Depression	59
180038152	Glass-Steagall Act	established the FDIC which protects people's savings in the bank	60
180038153	Federal Securities Act	regulated stock information given by companies	61
180038154	Agricultural Adjustment Act(AAA)	helped farmers by raising crop prices by lowering production	62
180038155	Civilian Conservation Corps(CCC)	work project that put young men to work building roads and planting trees.	63
180038156	National Industrial Recovery Act	codes of fair practice for industries, guarantee of workers' rights, and the set up of the NRA (stop of wage cuts, falling prices, and layoffs)	64
180038157	deficit spending	spending more money than the govt. receives in revenue	65
180038158	Huey Long	senator of Louisiana who proposed a program called Share Our Wealth	66
180038159	Eleanor Roosevelt	Wife of FDR who assisted him on issues involving the poor, women & minorities	67
180038160	Works Progress Administration (WPA)	an agency that used millions of workers to build airports, roads, libraries, schools, and hospitals	68
180038161	National Youth Administration (NYA)	provided aid and part-time jobs to high school & college students	69
180038162	Wagner Act	protected workers' rights: 1. to collective bargaining. 2. by banning unfair labor practices. 3. by setting up the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) to enforce these reforms	70
180038163	Social Security Act	provided: 1. old-age insurance. 2. unemployment compensation. 3. aid to people with disabilities.	71
180038164	Frances Perkins	1st female cabinet member as secretary of labor and helped create the Social Security system	72
180038165	New Deal coalition	were the voters from different groups (Southern whites, city people, African Americans, and union workers) that supported Roosevelt because of the New Deal.	73
180038166	Congress of Industrial Organization (CIO)	labor organization formed by industrial unions.	74
180038167	Orson Welles	actor/director/filmmaker whose radio broadcast "The War of the Worlds" convinced many Americans that Martians had landed in NJ	75
180038168	The Grapes of Wrath	written by John Steinbeck, it is a famous book about the Depression	76
180038169	Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)	protects the people's savings in the banks	77
180038170	Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)	regulates the stock markets	78
180038171	National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)	still mediates labor disputes	79
180038172	parity	equal or fair amount	80
180038173	Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)	helped prevent floods and provided electricity	81
180038174	Emergency Banking Relief Act	Act passed by Congress allowing healthy banks to reopen	82
180038175	Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC)	provided government loans to homeowners who faced foreclosure because they could not make their loan payments	83