Chapter 24: The Industrial Age, 1865-1900 Flashcards

Industry Comes Of Age

759312927	Federal land grants and subsidies	Encouraged the railroads to build their lines across the North American continent.	0
759312928	Union Pacific Railroad	A railroad that started in Omaha, and it connected with the Central Pacific Railroad in Promentary Point, UTAH	1
759312929	Central Pacific Railroad	A joint-stock company organized in 1863 and reorganized in 1867 to build the Union Pacific Railroad. It was involved in a scandal in 1872 in which high government officials were accused of accepting bribes.	2
759312930	Great Northern Railroad	...A railroad that started in Sacramento , and connected with the Union Pacific Railroad in Promentary Point, UTAH	3
759312931	Stock Watering	Dishonest device in which railroad promoters artificially inflated the price of their stocks and bonds	4
759312932	Huse vs. Glover	Supreme Court case of 1886 Prevented states from regulating railroads Prevented other forms of interstate commerce	5
759312933	Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC)	Federal regulatory agency often used by rail companies to stabilize the industry and prevent ruinous competition	6
759312934	Telephone	Late-nineteenth-century invention Revolutionized communication and created a large new industry relying heavily on female workers	7
759312935	Standard Oil	First of the great industrial trusts Organized a principle of horizontal integration	8
759312936	United States Steel Corporation (USSC)	The first billion-dollar American corporation Organized when J.P. Morgan bought out Andrew Carnegie	9
759312937	New South	The technologically advanced industrial South	10
759312938	Colored National Labor Union (CNLU)	Black labor organization that briefly flourished in the late 1860s	11
759312939	Knights of Labor	Secret, ritualistic labor organization Enrolled both skilled and unskilled workers Collapsed after the Haymarket Square bombing	12
759312940	The American Federation of Labor's concentration on skilled craft workers	Skilled Labor Organizations Created a strong but narrowly based union organization.	13
760848775	American Federation of Labor	Labor group for SKILLED workers	14
760848776	Leland Stanford	Former governor of California Ivy League donator of the West Central Pacific Railroad	15
760848777	Russel Conwell	Pro-business clergyman "Acres of Diamonds" speech-criticized the poor	16
760848778	James J. Hill	Railroad builder Felt dedicated to the public Northern Pacific Railroad	17
760848779	Cornelius Vanderbuilt	Creator of the New York Central rail line Considered the law an obstacle to success	18
760848780	Charles Dana Gibson	Magazine illustrator who showed the athletic, independent woman	19
760848781	Alexander Graham Bell	Former teacher of the deaf Inventor of the telephone	20
760848782	Thomas Edison	Electric light The Phonograph The Motion Picture	21
760848783	Andrew Carnegie	Steel industry leader Scottish immigrant Vertical Integration	22
760848784	John D. Rockefeller	Owner of Standard Oil Trust builder based on Horizontal Integration	23
760848785	J.P. Morgan	A rich banker Bought out Carnegie Steel Company Created the United States Steel Corporation	24
760848786	Henry Grady	Southern newspaper editor Promoted industrialization as the salvation of the economically backward South	25
760848787	Terence V. Powderly	Leader of the Knights of Labor	26
760848788	William Graham Sumner	Intellectual defender of laissez-faire capitalism Argued that the wealthy owed NOTHING to the poor	27
760848789	John P. Altged	Illinois governor who pardoned the Haymarket anarchists	28
760848790	Samuel Gompers	Organizer of the AF of L Advocated more wages for skilled workers	29
760848791	Corrupt financial dealings and political manipulations by the railroads	Created a public demand for railroad regulation, such as the Interstate Commerce Act.	30
760848792	New developments in steel making, oil refining, and communication	Laid the technological basis for huge new industries and spectacular economic growth.	31
760848793	The ruthless competitive techniques of Rockefeller and other industrialists	Eliminated competition and created monopolistic "trusts" in many industries.	32
760848794	The growing concentration of wealth and power in the new corporate "plutocracy"	Fostered growing class divisions and public demands for restraints on corporate trusts.	33
760848795	The North's use of discriminatory price practices against the South	Kept the South in economic dependency as a poverty-stricken supplier of farm products and raw materials to the Northeast.	34
760848796	The growing mechanization and depersonalization of factory work	Often made laborers feel powerless and vulnerable to their well-off corporate employers.	35
760848797	The Haymarket Square bombing	Helped destroy the Knights of Labor and increased public fear of labor agitation.	36