Campbell Biology 7th Edition Chapter 2 Vocab Flashcards
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| 468836576 | Acid | a substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution | 0 | |
| 468836577 | Aqueous Solution | a solution in which water is the solvent | 1 | |
| 468836578 | Atomic Number | the number of protons in each atom of a particular element | 2 | |
| 468836579 | Chemical Bond | an attraction between two atoms resulting from a sharing of outer-shell electrons or the presence of opposite charges on the atoms. The bonded atoms gain complete outer electron shells. | 3 | |
| 468836580 | Compound | a substance containing two or more elements in a fixed ratio | 4 | |
| 468836581 | Electron Shell | an energy level representing the distance of an electron from the nucleus of an atom | 5 | |
| 468836582 | Evaporative Cooling | the process in which the surface of an object becomes cooler during evaporation | 6 | |
| 468836583 | Ion | an atom or group of atoms that has gained or lost one or more electrons, thus acquiring a charge | 7 | |
| 468836584 | Mass Number | the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus | 8 | |
| 468836585 | Ocean Acidification | decreasing pH of ocean waters due to absorption of excess atmospheric Co2 from the burning of fossil fuels | 9 | |
| 468836586 | Polar Molecule | a molecule containing polar covalent bonds and having an unequal distribution of charges | 10 | |
| 468836587 | Radioactive Isotope | an isotope whose nucleus decays spontaneously, giving off particles and energy | 11 | |
| 468836588 | Solute | a substance that is dissolved in a solution | 12 | |
| 468836589 | Surface Tension | a measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid | 13 | |
| 468836590 | Acid Precipitation | rain, snow, or fog that is more acidic than pH 5.2 | 14 | |
| 468836591 | Atom | the smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element | 15 | |
| 468836592 | Base | a substance that decreases the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution | 16 | |
| 468836593 | Chemical Reaction | the making and breaking of chemical bonds, leading to changes in the composition of matter | 17 | |
| 468836594 | Covalent Bond | a strong chemical bond in which two atoms share one or more pairs of outer shell electrons | 18 | |
| 468836595 | Electronegativity | the attraction of a given atom for the electrons of a covalent bond | 19 | |
| 468836596 | Heat | thermal energy | 20 | |
| 468836597 | Ionic Bond | a chemical bond resulting from the attraction between oppositely charged ions | 21 | |
| 468836598 | Matter | anything that occupies space and has mass | 22 | |
| 468836599 | Nonpolar covalent Bond | a covalent bond in which electrons are shared equally between two atoms of similar electronegativity | 23 | |
| 468836600 | pH Scale | a measure of the relative acidity of a solution, ranging in value from 0 (most acidic) to 14 (most basic). The letters "pH" stand for potential hydrogen and refer to the concentration of hydrogen ions. | 24 | |
| 468836601 | Product | an ending material in a chemical reaction | 25 | |
| 468836602 | Reactant | a starting material in a chemical reaction | 26 | |
| 468836603 | Solution | a liquid that is a homogenous mixture of two or more substances | 27 | |
| 468836604 | Temperature | a measure of the intensity of heat in degrees, reflecting the average kinetic energy or speed of molecules | 28 | |
| 468836605 | Adhesion | the attraction between different kinds of molecules | 29 | |
| 468836606 | Atomic Mass | the total mass of an atom; also called atomic weight. given as a whole number, the atomic mass approximately equals the mass number. | 30 | |
| 468836607 | Buffer | a chemical substance that resists changes in pH by accepting hydrogen ions from or donating hydrogen ions to solutions | 31 | |
| 468836608 | Cohesion | the sticking together of molecules of the same kind, often by hydrogen bonds | 32 | |
| 468836609 | Electron | a subatomic particle with a single negative electrical charge. One or more electrons move around the nucleus of an atom. | 33 | |
| 468836610 | Element | a substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by chemical means | 34 | |
| 468836611 | Hydrogen Bond | a type of weak chemical bond formed when the partially positive hydrogen atom participating in a polar covalent bond in one moledule is attracted to the partially negative atom participating in a polar covalent bond in another molecule (or in another region of the same molecule). | 35 | |
| 468836612 | Isotope | one of several atomic forms of an element, each with the same number of protons but a different number or neutrons | 36 | |
| 468836613 | Molecule | two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds | 37 | |
| 468836614 | Nucleus | (1) an atom's central core, containing protons and neutrons. (2) The genetic control center of a eukaryotic cell. | 38 | |
| 468836615 | Polar Covalent Bond | a covalent bond between atoms that differ in electronegativity. The shared electrons are pulled closer to the more electronegative atom, making it slightly negative and the other atom slightly positive. | 39 | |
| 468836616 | Proton | a subatomic particle with a single positive electrical charge, found in the nucleus of an atom | 40 | |
| 468836617 | Salt | a compound resulting from the formation of ionic bonds; aka: ionic compound | 41 | |
| 468836618 | Solvent | the dissolving agent of a solution | 42 | |
| 468836619 | Trace Element | an element that is essential for life but required in extremely minute amounts | 43 | |
| 468836620 | Neutron | a subatomic particle having no electrical charge, found in the nucleus of an atom | 44 |